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The first treatment ever shown to help men live longer once prostate cancer stopped responding to hormones. Docetaxel every three weeks added about two and a half months to median survival compared with the older drug, and made pain and quality of life better as well.
Ian Tannock and colleagues randomised 1,006 men with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer, all taking 5 mg of prednisone twice daily, to mitoxantrone every three weeks, docetaxel every three weeks, or weekly docetaxel. The primary endpoint was overall survival, with pain, prostate-specific antigen and quality of life as secondary endpoints, each compared against mitoxantrone.
Mitoxantrone had been approved in 1996 on palliation alone: it relieved pain and did not extend life. TAX 327 is where prostate cancer got a drug that did both, and where the three-weekly schedule beat the weekly one, which is why the three-weekly schedule is the one still used. Twenty years later docetaxel is given much earlier, at the first diagnosis of metastatic disease, on the strength of CHAARTED and STAMPEDE.
The end of therapeutic nihilism in castration-resistant prostate cancer. It is also the trial that set the field's expectation of what a positive result looks like in this disease: a hazard ratio near 0.75 and a median gain measured in months, not years.
Docetaxel with androgen deprivation is a standard for high-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, now usually combined with an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor as triplet therapy.
Proof that a cancer resistant to one taxane is not resistant to all of them, and the beginning of treatment sequencing in castration-resistant disease. The CARD trial later showed that after an androgen receptor drug has failed, cabazitaxel beats switching to the other androgen receptor drug.
The confirmatory half of the 2004 result. Two independent trials, two different docetaxel regimens, the same direction of effect: this is why docetaxel was adopted quickly and why it survived the move into hormone-sensitive disease a decade later.
Shares TROPIC: prednisone plus cabazitaxel or mitoxantrone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel, Quality of life, PSA (prostate-specific antigen), Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and the tag prostate-evidence.
Shares Quality of life, PSA (prostate-specific antigen), Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), Prostate cancer roadmap: from Huggins and the discovery that a cancer can depend on a hormone, through the PSA epidemic and what it cost, the androgen receptor drugs, the DNA repair subset and PSMA, to a 2032 registry watch and the tag prostate-evidence.
Shares Quality of life, PSA (prostate-specific antigen), Hazard ratio (HR), Prostate cancer roadmap: from Huggins and the discovery that a cancer can depend on a hormone, through the PSA epidemic and what it cost, the androgen receptor drugs, the DNA repair subset and PSMA, to a 2032 registry watch and the tag prostate-evidence.
Shares CHAARTED: chemohormonal therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, Nicholas James, Hazard ratio (HR), Prostate cancer roadmap: from Huggins and the discovery that a cancer can depend on a hormone, through the PSA epidemic and what it cost, the androgen receptor drugs, the DNA repair subset and PSMA, to a 2032 registry watch and the tag prostate-evidence.
Shares PSA (prostate-specific antigen), Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), Prostate cancer roadmap: from Huggins and the discovery that a cancer can depend on a hormone, through the PSA epidemic and what it cost, the androgen receptor drugs, the DNA repair subset and PSMA, to a 2032 registry watch, Acquired resistance to every therapy and the tag prostate-evidence.
Shares Quality of life, PSA (prostate-specific antigen), Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), Prostate cancer roadmap: from Huggins and the discovery that a cancer can depend on a hormone, through the PSA epidemic and what it cost, the androgen receptor drugs, the DNA repair subset and PSMA, to a 2032 registry watch and the tag prostate-evidence.
Shares CHAARTED: chemohormonal therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, Hazard ratio (HR), Prostate cancer roadmap: from Huggins and the discovery that a cancer can depend on a hormone, through the PSA epidemic and what it cost, the androgen receptor drugs, the DNA repair subset and PSMA, to a 2032 registry watch, Docetaxel and the tag prostate-evidence.
Shares PSA (prostate-specific antigen), Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), Prostate cancer roadmap: from Huggins and the discovery that a cancer can depend on a hormone, through the PSA epidemic and what it cost, the androgen receptor drugs, the DNA repair subset and PSMA, to a 2032 registry watch, Acquired resistance to every therapy and the tag prostate-evidence.