ALDH2
ALDH2 (Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial) is a gene that drives cell growth when it is altered. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and an oncogene driver, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Osteosarcoma.
Overview
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase with broad substrate specificity which participates in the detoxification of ethanol-derived acetaldehyde and endogenous aldehydes, including those arising from lipid peroxidation. The reaction mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack on the aldehyde substrate, resulting in formation of a thiohemiacetal intermediate. Subsequent hydride transfer to NAD+, yields a thioester intermediate which is hydrolysed to the carboxylic acid product through activation of a water molecule by the catalytic glutamate.
Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.58 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes clinical 0.42, literature 0.99, genetic association 0.61, somatic mutation 0.43, animal model 0.52). IntOGen calls it a driver in 1 cohort (1 activating, 0 loss-of-function), covering Osteosarcoma.
- Target · the protein and the cell it sits on
- Drug · antibody, small molecule, cell or radioligand
- Effect · signal, damage or kill
In plain words · ALDH2 (Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial) is a gene that drives cell growth when it is altered. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and an oncogene driver, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Osteosarcoma.
- 1 · What it is
ALDH2 (Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial) is a gene that drives cell growth when it is altered. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and an oncogene driver, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Osteosarcoma.
- 2 · What goes wrong in cancer
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase with broad substrate specificity which participates in the detoxification of ethanol-derived acetaldehyde and endogenous aldehydes, including those arising from lipid peroxidation.
- 3 · How drugs use it
No product in this corpus aims at ALDH2 yet. Drugs fit a pocket that exists only in one shape of the mutant protein and hold it there, off.
External identifiers
Sources: HGNC HGNC:404 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt P05091 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); Open Targets ENSG00000111275 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.58; (GraphQL API, CC0)); IntOGen ALDH2 (driver in 1 cohort (Act 1, LoF 0); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0)
Biology
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase with broad substrate specificity which participates in the detoxification of ethanol-derived acetaldehyde and endogenous aldehydes, including those arising from lipid peroxidation. The reaction mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack on the aldehyde substrate, resulting in formation of a thiohemiacetal intermediate. Subsequent hydride transfer to NAD+, yields a thioester intermediate which is hydrolysed to the carboxylic acid product through activation of a water molecule by the catalytic glutamate. In vivo, ALDH2 is required for the clearance of formaldehyde, a cytotoxic and carcinogenic endogenous metabolite that induces DNA damage. It also catalyses the oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), a reactive intermediate of dopamine catabolism, to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate (DOPAC). ALDH2 may also catalyse the oxidation of 4-aminobutanal (gamma-aminobutyraldehyde) to 4-aminobutanoate (GABA), representing an alternative route for GABA biosynthesis from polyamine catabolism. Location: Mitochondrion (UniProt). Locus 12q24.12 (HGNC).
- Osteosarcoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (OS)
Notes
top- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.42; IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 1 cohort. Evidence tier "clinical-evidence" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.
Latest papers
topQuery for this target: (TITLE:"ALDH2" OR ABSTRACT:"ALDH2" OR TITLE:"aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member" OR ABSTRACT:"aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family member" OR TITLE:"Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial" OR ABSTRACT:"Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about ALDH2, not a curated reading list.
Similar pages
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- TargetERCC2
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