GNAQ
GNAQ (Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha) is an enzyme. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Skin cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Breast cancer and 3 more.
Overview
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signalling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signalling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding.
CIViC holds 9 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 4 variants, naming Vemurafenib, Trametinib, Mirdametinib and PLX4720 and others. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.76 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes affected pathway 0.87, literature 0.87, genetic association 0.03, somatic mutation 0.95, animal model 0.59). IntOGen calls it a driver in 4 cohorts (2 activating, 1 loss-of-function), covering Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Cutaneous Melanoma, Uveal Melanoma. In OnCo, 1 product record names it (Darovasertib).
- Target · the protein and the cell it sits on
- Drug · antibody, small molecule, cell or radioligand
- Effect · signal, damage or kill
In plain words · GNAQ (Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha) is an enzyme. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Skin cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Breast cancer and 3 more.
- 1 · What it is
GNAQ (Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha) is an enzyme. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Skin cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Breast cancer and 3 more.
- 2 · What goes wrong in cancer
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signalling cascades.
- 3 · How drugs use it
No product in this corpus aims at GNAQ yet. Inhibitors are shaped to fit the enzyme's active site so the reaction the cancer relies on stops.
External identifiers
Sources: HGNC HGNC:4390 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt P50148 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); CIViC gene GNAQ (9 evidence items, 0 assertions, 4 variants; diseases: Uveal Melanoma, Skin Melanoma, Congenital Hemangioma (GraphQL API, CC0)); Open Targets ENSG00000156052 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.76; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: melanoma 0.72, skin cancer 0.62, ocular melanoma 0.64, breast cancer 0.52 (GraphQL API, CC0)); IntOGen GNAQ (driver in 4 cohorts (Act 2, LoF 1); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0)
Biology
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signalling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signalling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modulated by numerous regulatory proteins. Signalling is mediated via phospholipase C-beta-dependent inositol lipid hydrolysis for signal propagation: activates phospholipase C-beta: following GPCR activation, GNAQ activates PLC-beta (PLCB1, PLCB2, PLCB3 or PLCB4), leading to production of diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Location: Cell membrane; Golgi apparatus; Nucleus; Nucleus membrane (UniProt). Locus 9q21.2 (HGNC).
- Skin cancer: Open Targets association 0.62 with skin cancer (MONDO_0002898)
- Hepatocellular carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (HCC)
- Breast cancer: Open Targets association 0.52 with breast cancer (MONDO_0007254)
- Melanoma: Open Targets association 0.72 with melanoma (MONDO_0005105); CIViC evidence names this disease
- Uveal melanoma: Open Targets association 0.64 with ocular melanoma (MONDO_0006325); CIViC evidence names this disease
- Non-small-cell lung cancer: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (NSCLC)
Notes
top- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 9 therapies; IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 2 cohorts; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 1 cohort; CIViC holds 9 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier "clinical-evidence" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.
- Diseases the sources name that have no OnCo cancer page yet, so they are not linked: Congenital Hemangioma.
Latest papers
topQuery for this target: (TITLE:"GNAQ" OR ABSTRACT:"GNAQ" OR TITLE:"G protein subunit alpha q" OR ABSTRACT:"G protein subunit alpha q" OR TITLE:"Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G q subunit alpha" OR ABSTRACT:"Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G q subunit alpha" OR TITLE:"G-ALPHA-q" OR ABSTRACT:"G-ALPHA-q") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about GNAQ, not a curated reading list.
Similar pages
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