OnCo
technologiesTechnologyPhase 2

Microbiome modulation to unlock immunotherapy

Changing the gut bacteria of a patient whose immunotherapy stopped working, in the hope of restarting the response.

Gut composition predicts checkpoint-inhibitor response across cohorts, and small single-arm studies of faecal transplant from responders reported that a minority of refractory melanoma patients regained response. Randomised work is now running: LND101 with checkpoint blockade in advanced melanoma (NCT06623461, phase 2, Canadian Cancer Trials Group), an Oslo phase 2 using responder stool (NCT05286294), and a Netherlands Cancer Institute study (NCT05251389). Defined bacterial consortia are being developed as an alternative to whole stool.

Generic schematic · not to scale · placeholder for the immunotherapy front
PD-1 · PD-L1 · Blocking antibody · T cell, brake released

How it works

Transferring or supplementing gut commensals alters antigen presentation, systemic interferon tone, and intratumoural T-cell infiltration, restoring sensitivity to PD-1 blockade.

Strengths
  • Cheap and repeatable
  • Targets the host, so it is tumour-genotype agnostic
  • Randomised trials now running
Limitations
  • Donor variability and transmission risk with whole stool
  • Effect sizes uncertain; no phase 3
  • Antibiotics and diet confound everything

Latest papers

top
Latest papers · live from Europe PMC
Open in Europe PMC

Query for this technology: (TITLE:"Microbiome modulation to unlock immunotherapy" OR ABSTRACT:"Microbiome modulation to unlock immunotherapy") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about Microbiome modulation to unlock immunotherapy, not a curated reading list.

Connected

18top

Pages like this

not linked directly; found by shared links