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14 treatment settings, 11 with more than one named option. Each section lays out the options the standard of care names, what each is for, the trials behind them with their recorded results, the side effects and cautions on record, and questions to ask. Built from the cancer page's standard-of-care rows; nothing here is advice for your case.
7+3 ± targeted agent; consolidation; allogeneic transplant by risk.
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) is an anti-CD33 antibody linked to the DNA-cutting payload calicheamicin, the first ADC approved, in 2000 for relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia. An unstable linker and no benefit in a confirmatory trial led to withdrawal in 2010; it returned in 2017 at a lower fractionated dose, with liver toxicity, including veno-occlusive disease, its defining risk.
Cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs (platinums, antimetabolites, microtubule agents and topoisomerase inhibitors) kill rapidly dividing cells by damaging DNA or the mitotic spindle. They still cure testicular cancer, lymphoma and leukaemia, and they are the warhead inside antibody-drug conjugates, but a narrow margin between effective and toxic doses is their limitation.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Azacitidine + venetoclax.
A pill that removes the survival shield from leukaemia cells, enabling chemotherapy-free, time-limited treatment for CLL.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Genotype-directed: gilteritinib, IDH inhibitors, menin inhibitors; transplant.
Revumenib (Revuforj) is the first menin inhibitor (2024), for acute leukaemias with KMT2A rearrangements or NPM1 mutations.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Marrow morphology, flow, karyotype/FISH, rapid FLT3/NPM1/IDH testing (results within days), NGS panel; ELN 2022 risk; fitness assessment. Menin-inhibitor and FLT3-inhibitor eligibility depends on these results.
Looking at the leukaemia's chromosomes under a microscope, or lighting up specific gene breaks with fluorescent probes, to classify risk.
Sequencing hundreds of cancer genes at once from a biopsy to find the mutations a drug can target.
Flow cytometry MRD counts leukaemia cells in the bone marrow one at a time by their surface proteins, down to one in ten thousand.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
7+3 plus midostaurin (ITD or TKD) or quizartinib (ITD only), consolidation with continued inhibitor, allogeneic transplant for most FLT3-ITD in CR1, post-transplant FLT3-inhibitor maintenance if MRD-positive.
The intensive chemotherapy that has induced remission in fit AML patients since 1973: seven days of one drug, three of another. Still the backbone that targeted drugs are added to.
The first drug to improve survival in FLT3-mutated AML, added to standard chemotherapy: median survival went from about two years to more than six.
Quizartinib is a more selective FLT3 blocker that, added to chemotherapy, roughly doubled median survival in the highest-risk FLT3 subtype.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation replaces a patient's blood system with a donor's after conditioning chemotherapy, so donor immune cells hunt down leukaemia left behind. It remains the only cure for adverse-risk acute myeloid leukaemia, high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and Richter transformation, at the price of graft-versus-host disease.
Averages across everyone diagnosed, often years ago. A median is the middle of a group: half the people counted lived longer than the figure shown, and some lived far longer. Your stage, subtype, age, fitness and the treatment you receive matter more than the average, and the numbers are improving quickly.
OS 31.9 vs 15.1 months; HR 0.776.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Febrile neutropenia · 7+3 control arm of the CPX-351 Study 301, induction phase, adults aged 60 to 75 with therapy-related or MDS-related AML (Vyxeos US label) | 68% | 68% |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Febrile neutropenia · RATIFY midostaurin arm with chemotherapy (83% with placebo); not drug-specific | - | 84% |
| QT prolongation · RATIFY midostaurin arm with chemotherapy (17% and 5% with placebo); monitor, avoid strong CYP3A4 inhibitors where possible | 20% | 6% |
| Nausea · RATIFY midostaurin arm with chemotherapy (70% with placebo) | 83% | - |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Febrile neutropenia · QuANTUM-First quizartinib arm with chemotherapy (41% with placebo) | - | 43% |
| Neutropenia · QuANTUM-First quizartinib arm with chemotherapy (12% with placebo); counts stayed low past day 42 of the first induction in 8% versus 4% | - | 26% |
| Hypokalaemia (potassium decreased, laboratory) · QuANTUM-First quizartinib arm with chemotherapy (56% and 18% with placebo) | 59% | 22% |
| QT prolongation · Boxed warning; QTcF above 500 ms in 2.3%. QuANTUM-First quizartinib arm with chemotherapy, N=265 (4.1% any grade with placebo) | 14% | 3% |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
7+3 plus fractionated gemtuzumab ozogamicin (ALFA-0701); high-dose cytarabine consolidation; MRD-guided transplant for intermediate risk.
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) is an anti-CD33 antibody linked to the DNA-cutting payload calicheamicin, the first ADC approved, in 2000 for relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia. An unstable linker and no benefit in a confirmatory trial led to withdrawal in 2010; it returned in 2017 at a lower fractionated dose, with liver toxicity, including veno-occlusive disease, its defining risk.
The intensive chemotherapy that has induced remission in fit AML patients since 1973: seven days of one drug, three of another. Still the backbone that targeted drugs are added to.
EFS 17.3 vs 9.5 months; HR 0.56.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Febrile neutropenia · 7+3 control arm of the CPX-351 Study 301, induction phase, adults aged 60 to 75 with therapy-related or MDS-related AML (Vyxeos US label) | 68% | 68% |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Venetoclax + azacitidine (VIALE-A) or venetoclax + oral decitabine-cedazuridine (ASCERTAIN-V, 2026); ivosidenib + azacitidine if IDH1-mutated (AGILE); low-dose cytarabine + venetoclax as an alternative. Continue until progression; consider transplant in responders who become fit.
A pill that removes the survival shield from leukaemia cells, enabling chemotherapy-free, time-limited treatment for CLL.
A gentle chemotherapy that switches silenced genes back on. With venetoclax it became the standard for older people with AML who cannot take intensive treatment.
Oral decitabine-cedazuridine is a pill version of the hypomethylating chemotherapy that, since May 2026, lets older AML patients take their whole venetoclax regimen at home.
The first drug to block a mutant metabolic enzyme in cancer. With azacitidine it tripled survival in IDH1-mutated AML that could not take intensive chemotherapy.
OS 14.7 vs 9.6 months, HR 0.66; CR 36.7% vs 17.9%.
OS 24.0 vs 7.9 months; HR 0.44.
CR 41.6%; median time to CR 2 months.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Neutropenia · VIALE-A, azacitidine with venetoclax (28% with azacitidine and placebo) | - | 42% |
| Febrile neutropenia · VIALE-A, azacitidine with venetoclax (19% with azacitidine and placebo) | - | 42% |
| Nausea · VIALE-A, azacitidine with venetoclax (35% with azacitidine and placebo) | 44% | - |
| Injection-site reactions · Subcutaneous azacitidine alone in myelodysplastic syndromes (US label Study 4, N=175); injection-site erythema 43% | 29% | - |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Neutropenia · AGILE, ivosidenib with azacitidine (16% with placebo and azacitidine) | - | 27% |
| QT prolongation · AGILE, ivosidenib with azacitidine, N=71 (7% with placebo); US label | 20% | 10% |
| Differentiation syndrome · AGILE, ivosidenib with azacitidine (8% with placebo and azacitidine); the US label counts 15% | 14% | - |
| Leukocytosis · AGILE, ivosidenib with azacitidine, N=71 (1% with placebo); US label | 13% | - |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Oral azacitidine (Onureg) for patients not transplanted (QUAZAR AML-001); FLT3 inhibitor maintenance after transplant in FLT3-ITD (MORPHO for MRD-positive); menin inhibitor maintenance in trials.
A gentle chemotherapy that switches silenced genes back on. With venetoclax it became the standard for older people with AML who cannot take intensive treatment.
A single pill that beats salvage chemotherapy for relapsed FLT3-mutated AML, and the backbone of the triplets now being tested in frontline disease.
Quizartinib is a more selective FLT3 blocker that, added to chemotherapy, roughly doubled median survival in the highest-risk FLT3 subtype.
Averages across everyone diagnosed, often years ago. A median is the middle of a group: half the people counted lived longer than the figure shown, and some lived far longer. Your stage, subtype, age, fitness and the treatment you receive matter more than the average, and the numbers are improving quickly.
Averages across everyone diagnosed, often years ago. A median is the middle of a group: half the people counted lived longer than the figure shown, and some lived far longer. Your stage, subtype, age, fitness and the treatment you receive matter more than the average, and the numbers are improving quickly.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Neutropenia · VIALE-A, azacitidine with venetoclax (28% with azacitidine and placebo) | - | 42% |
| Febrile neutropenia · VIALE-A, azacitidine with venetoclax (19% with azacitidine and placebo) | - | 42% |
| Nausea · VIALE-A, azacitidine with venetoclax (35% with azacitidine and placebo) | 44% | - |
| Injection-site reactions · Subcutaneous azacitidine alone in myelodysplastic syndromes (US label Study 4, N=175); injection-site erythema 43% | 29% | - |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Febrile neutropenia · ADMIRAL gilteritinib arm, relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated AML | - | 45.9% |
| Transaminase elevation · US label, same 319 patients | 51% | 21% |
| Myalgia/arthralgia · US label, same 319 patients | 50% | 7% |
| Differentiation syndrome · Boxed warning; US label, 319 patients with relapsed or refractory AML in three trials | 3% | - |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Febrile neutropenia · QuANTUM-First quizartinib arm with chemotherapy (41% with placebo) | - | 43% |
| Neutropenia · QuANTUM-First quizartinib arm with chemotherapy (12% with placebo); counts stayed low past day 42 of the first induction in 8% versus 4% | - | 26% |
| Hypokalaemia (potassium decreased, laboratory) · QuANTUM-First quizartinib arm with chemotherapy (56% and 18% with placebo) | 59% | 22% |
| QT prolongation · Boxed warning; QTcF above 500 ms in 2.3%. QuANTUM-First quizartinib arm with chemotherapy, N=265 (4.1% any grade with placebo) | 14% | 3% |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Gilteritinib monotherapy (ADMIRAL) or gilteritinib + venetoclax/azacitidine, then transplant; quizartinib in Japan.
A single pill that beats salvage chemotherapy for relapsed FLT3-mutated AML, and the backbone of the triplets now being tested in frontline disease.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation replaces a patient's blood system with a donor's after conditioning chemotherapy, so donor immune cells hunt down leukaemia left behind. It remains the only cure for adverse-risk acute myeloid leukaemia, high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and Richter transformation, at the price of graft-versus-host disease.
OS 9.3 vs 5.6 months; HR 0.64.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Febrile neutropenia · ADMIRAL gilteritinib arm, relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated AML | - | 45.9% |
| Transaminase elevation · US label, same 319 patients | 51% | 21% |
| Myalgia/arthralgia · US label, same 319 patients | 50% | 7% |
| Differentiation syndrome · Boxed warning; US label, 319 patients with relapsed or refractory AML in three trials | 3% | - |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Ivosidenib or olutasidenib (IDH1), enasidenib (IDH2), often with azacitidine or venetoclax; differentiation-syndrome monitoring.
The first drug to block a mutant metabolic enzyme in cancer. With azacitidine it tripled survival in IDH1-mutated AML that could not take intensive chemotherapy.
Olutasidenib is a second IDH1 inhibitor for relapsed AML, with a higher response rate in its pivotal cohort than ivosidenib had in its own.
Enasidenib is the IDH2 counterpart of ivosidenib, approved in the US for relapsed disease but never approved in Europe after it failed to extend survival in a confirmatory trial.
No trial record is attached to this row yet. The trials tab lists what is recruiting and the landmark trials for this cancer.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Neutropenia · AGILE, ivosidenib with azacitidine (16% with placebo and azacitidine) | - | 27% |
| QT prolongation · AGILE, ivosidenib with azacitidine, N=71 (7% with placebo); US label | 20% | 10% |
| Differentiation syndrome · AGILE, ivosidenib with azacitidine (8% with placebo and azacitidine); the US label counts 15% | 14% | - |
| Leukocytosis · AGILE, ivosidenib with azacitidine, N=71 (1% with placebo); US label | 13% | - |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Transaminase elevation · US label, same 153 patients (grouped term) | 20% | 12% |
| Differentiation syndrome · Boxed warning; fatal in 1%. US label, 153 patients with relapsed or refractory IDH1-mutated AML | 16% | 8% |
| Nausea · US label, same 153 patients | 38% | 0% |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Total bilirubin increased (laboratory) · US label laboratory table, same relapsed or refractory AML trial | 81% | 15% |
| Differentiation syndrome · US label, 214 patients with relapsed or refractory IDH2-mutated AML | 14% | 7% |
| Nausea · US label, same 214 patients | 50% | 5% |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
Menin inhibitor: revumenib (KMT2Ar 2024; NPM1 2025) or ziftomenib (NPM1, November 2025), as a bridge to transplant; triplets with venetoclax-azacitidine in trials.
Revumenib (Revuforj) is the first menin inhibitor (2024), for acute leukaemias with KMT2A rearrangements or NPM1 mutations.
Ziftomenib is the second menin inhibitor for leukaemia, approved in November 2025 as a once-daily pill for relapsed NPM1-mutated AML.
CR+CRh 22.8%, ORR 63.2% in KMT2Ar cohort.
Averages across everyone diagnosed, often years ago. A median is the middle of a group: half the people counted lived longer than the figure shown, and some lived far longer. Your stage, subtype, age, fitness and the treatment you receive matter more than the average, and the numbers are improving quickly.
| Side effect | Any grade | Grade 3+ |
|---|---|---|
| Febrile neutropenia · KOMET-001, same 112 patients (US label) | 22% | 22% |
| Differentiation syndrome · Boxed warning; fatal in 2 of 112 patients; managed by interrupting the drug and starting corticosteroids. KOMET-001, relapsed or refractory NPM1-mutated AML (US label) | 26% | 13% |
| Diarrhoea · KOMET-001, same 112 patients (US label); nausea 35%, grade 3 or higher 2% | 36% | 5% |
Rates from the label or pivotal trial as recorded on the product page; each grade 3+ figure links to its source.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.
ATRA + arsenic trioxide without chemotherapy for standard risk (2-year event-free survival 97% in APL0406); ATRA + arsenic + idarubicin or gemtuzumab for high risk. Differentiation syndrome prophylaxis.
This setting names no product or technology record yet; the approach above is the standard as written. Ask your team which specific treatments they mean.
Averages across everyone diagnosed, often years ago. A median is the middle of a group: half the people counted lived longer than the figure shown, and some lived far longer. Your stage, subtype, age, fitness and the treatment you receive matter more than the average, and the numbers are improving quickly.
No side-effect rates or interaction flags are recorded for these options yet. The side-effect lookup and interaction checker cover the products that have them.
Add these to your appointment list, or take the full question set for this cancer.