Dostarlimab (rectal cancer organ preservation), niraparib, belantamab mafodotin (re-approved 2025), B7-H4 and B7-H3 ADCs from Hansoh licences.
Dostarlimab is a PD-1 blocker famous for making rectal cancer disappear without surgery in every patient with a mismatch-repair-deficient tumour.
Niraparib is a PARP inhibitor approved as maintenance for ovarian cancer regardless of BRCA status, and in prostate cancer with abiraterone.
A myeloma ADC that was withdrawn in 2022 then came back in 2025 after strong trials in earlier lines.
Momelotinib is the JAK inhibitor designed for anaemic myelofibrosis patients: it can improve haemoglobin while shrinking the spleen.
MOMENTUM addressed the biggest gap left by ruxolitinib: patients whose anaemia makes standard JAK inhibition hard to give. Momelotinib is now the preferred option for anaemic, previously treated myelofibrosis and is being adopted in first line for anaemic patients. The absolute symptom benefit is modest and durable disease modification has not been shown.
Women with newly diagnosed advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer should receive a PD-1 antibody (dostarlimab or pembrolizumab) with their chemotherapy, and mismatch repair testing is now essential because women with dMMR tumours gain a very large and durable benefit. The gain in mismatch-repair-proficient tumours is real but smaller, and molecular classification (POLE, p53, MMR) is increasingly used to decide who benefits most.
Cercek's dostarlimab study is the clearest demonstration that immunotherapy can replace surgery in a solid tumour: patients with dMMR rectal cancer can keep their rectum and avoid the permanent effects of pelvic radiotherapy and surgery. Non-operative management after PD-1 blockade is now in guidelines for this group, and MMR testing before treatment of rectal cancer is essential. The approach applies only to the 5-10% of rectal cancers that are dMMR.
Patients with rectal cancer whose tumour is mismatch-repair deficient (about 5-10% of rectal cancers) can now be offered immunotherapy alone with the realistic expectation of avoiding surgery, radiotherapy and a permanent stoma. This requires mismatch repair testing on the diagnostic biopsy, close endoscopic and MRI surveillance, and treatment in an experienced centre. It does not apply to the 90% of rectal cancers that are mismatch-repair proficient.