HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/hpv-positive-oropharyngeal-cancer/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
23 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example p16 immunohistochemistry, HPV DNA or E6/E7 RNA in situ hybridisation, Smoking pack-years, Circulating tumour HPV DNA, PD-L1 combined positive score), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (diagnosis and staging), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.For my situation (early disease (small primary, limited nodes)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 7.How do the results of ECOG-ACRIN E3311 apply to someone like me?
- 8.For my situation (locally advanced disease), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 9.Am I a candidate for Cisplatin, Cetuximab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 10.How do the results of RTOG 1016 and De-ESCALaTE HPV apply to someone like me?
- 11.For my situation (de-escalation), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 12.How do the results of NRG-HN002 & NRG-HN005 (HPV+ de-escalation) and PATHOS apply to someone like me?
- 13.For my situation (surveillance), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 14.For my situation (recurrent or metastatic), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 15.Am I a candidate for Pembrolizumab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 16.How do the results of KEYNOTE-048 apply to someone like me?
- 17.For my situation (prevention), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 18.Am I a candidate for Nonavalent HPV vaccine, and what side effects should I expect?
- 19.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Circulating tumour HPV DNA (ctHPV-DNA), PATHOS, NRG-HN002 & NRG-HN005 (HPV+ de-escalation), ctHPV-DNA-adapted de-escalation of chemoradiation?
- 20.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 21.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 22.I read that “Which patients can safely have less treatment, and by what test”. How does that affect my plan?
- 23.I read that “Long-term dry mouth, swallowing difficulty and fibrosis in people cured in their fifties”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Extranodal extension (ENE): Extranodal extension means cancer in a lymph node has burst through the node's capsule into the surrounding fat; in head and neck cancer it is the single finding after surgery that most often turns radiotherapy into chemoradiotherapy, and in HPV-negative disease it moves the stage up.
- HPV-positive (p16) head and neck cancer: Throat cancers caused by the human papillomavirus, identified by a p16 stain.
- Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT): Radiotherapy given at the same time as chemotherapy, which sensitises the cancer to radiation.
Tests and results to bring
Diagnosis and staging: Fine-needle biopsy of the neck node with p16 staining, HPV confirmation where p16 is equivocal, examination and imaging of the tonsils and tongue base, and PET-CT; staged with the HPV-positive system.
Biomarker results to ask for: p16 immunohistochemistry (strong nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in at least 70 percent of cells), HPV DNA or E6/E7 RNA in situ hybridisation (confirms p16), Smoking pack-years (modifies risk group), Circulating tumour HPV DNA (surveillance and adaptive de-escalation), PD-L1 combined positive score (recurrent disease).
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: PET/CT, Circulating tumour HPV DNA (ctHPV-DNA).
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Prevention: HPV vaccination of girls and boys before exposure; catch-up vaccination of men is being argued for. (HPV & HBV vaccination, Nonavalent HPV vaccine, Catch-up HPV vaccination for men to prevent throat cancer)
- Early disease (small primary, limited nodes): Transoral robotic surgery with neck dissection and pathology-guided adjuvant radiotherapy (E3311), or radiotherapy alone; choice by expected swallowing and voice. (Transoral robotic surgery (TORS), IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), ECOG-ACRIN E3311)
- Locally advanced disease: Cisplatin chemoradiation to 70 Gy; cetuximab only for patients who cannot have cisplatin, since RTOG 1016 and De-ESCALaTE showed it inferior. (Cisplatin, Chemoradiation (chemoradiotherapy, CRT), IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), Cetuximab, RTOG 1016, De-ESCALaTE HPV)
- De-escalation: Reduced-dose or chemotherapy-free treatment only within a trial; NRG-HN005 showed that lowering the dose in definitive chemoradiation on HPV status alone loses control. (NRG-HN002 & NRG-HN005 (HPV+ de-escalation), PATHOS, Circulating tumour HPV DNA (ctHPV-DNA), Caution: de-escalating radiation on HPV status alone)
- Recurrent or metastatic: Pembrolizumab alone or with platinum-fluorouracil (KEYNOTE-048); HPV-positive tumours respond at least as well as HPV-negative ones. (Pembrolizumab, KEYNOTE-048, Recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma)
- Surveillance: Examination and PET-CT at about three months; circulating tumour HPV DNA is emerging as a blood test for recurrence. (PET/CT, Circulating tumour HPV DNA (ctHPV-DNA))
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.