Osteosarcoma
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/osteosarcoma/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
17 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example Histologic necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, Alkaline phosphatase and LDH, Metastases at diagnosis, Germline TP53 / RB1 / RECQL4, GD2, HER2, B7-H3 expression), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (localised high-grade), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, Cisplatin or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.For my situation (metastatic at diagnosis), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.Am I a candidate for Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, Cisplatin or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 9.For my situation (relapsed), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Ifosfamide, Etoposide, Regorafenib or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.For my situation (unresectable / axial), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 12.Am I a candidate for Radium-223 dichloride, and what side effects should I expect?
- 13.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Regorafenib, Cabozantinib, CAR-T cell therapy, Radium-223 dichloride?
- 14.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 15.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 16.I read that “No survival improvement since the 1980s; metastatic and relapsed disease ~20-30% survival”. How does that affect my plan?
- 17.I read that “No recurrent druggable driver; genomic chaos”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Limb-salvage surgery: Removing a bone or soft-tissue sarcoma while keeping the arm or leg, rebuilding the bone with a metal endoprosthesis or a graft.
- FNCLCC grade (soft-tissue sarcoma): The FNCLCC grade is a 1-to-3 score for soft-tissue sarcomas based on how abnormal, how fast-dividing, and how much dead tissue the tumour shows; grade drives whether chemotherapy is considered.
- Li-Fraumeni syndrome (germline TP53): Li-Fraumeni syndrome is an inherited fault in the TP53 gene giving a lifetime cancer risk near 100% in women and ~75% in men, with sarcomas, breast cancer, brain tumours, adrenal cancer and leukaemias often in childhood.
- Adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology: Cancer in people aged 15-39, about 90,000 US cases a year, with a distinct mix of cancers, slower survival improvement than children or older adults, and specific needs: fertility, education and work, psychosocial support and trial access.
Tests and results to bring
Metastatic at diagnosis: Same chemotherapy with resection of all metastases (thoracotomy) when feasible; survival ~25-30%.
Biomarker results to ask for: Histologic necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (≥90% good response), Alkaline phosphatase and LDH, Metastases at diagnosis (lung, bone), Germline TP53 / RB1 / RECQL4, GD2, HER2, B7-H3 expression (trial eligibility), ctDNA copy-number burden (prognostic, emerging).
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: X-ray radiography and fluoroscopy, Biology-guided radiotherapy (RefleXion X1, SCINTIX), Methylation classifier for sarcomas.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Localised high-grade: Neoadjuvant MAP (methotrexate, doxorubicin, cisplatin) ×2 cycles, limb-salvage resection with wide margins (amputation if required), adjuvant MAP to ~29 weeks; mifamurtide added in EU. (Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, Cisplatin, Mifamurtide, Limb-salvage surgery and endoprosthetic reconstruction)
- Unresectable / axial: Carbon-ion or proton radiotherapy for craniofacial and pelvic tumours; Sm-153 or Ra-223 for bone-forming metastases (investigational). (Carbon-ion therapy, Proton therapy, Radium-223 dichloride)
- Relapsed: Surgical resection of recurrence; ifosfamide ± etoposide, gemcitabine-docetaxel; regorafenib or cabozantinib; clinical trials (CAR-T, ADCs). (Ifosfamide, Etoposide, Regorafenib, Cabozantinib, Docetaxel)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.