DICER1
DICER1 (Endoribonuclease Dicer) is an enzyme. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Lung cancer, Sarcomas, Brain and spinal cord tumours and 5 more.
Overview
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) endoribonuclease playing a central role in short dsRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Cleaves naturally occurring long dsRNAs and short hairpin pre-microRNAs (miRNA) into fragments of twenty-one to twenty-three nucleotides with 3' overhang of two nucleotides, producing respectively short interfering RNAs (siRNA) and mature microRNAs. SiRNAs and miRNAs serve as guide to direct the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to complementary RNAs to degrade them or prevent their translation.
CIViC holds 31 clinical evidence items and 3 assertions across 15 variants. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.87 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.99, genetic association 0.80, somatic mutation 0.85, genetic literature 0.92). IntOGen calls it a driver in 4 cohorts (1 activating, 3 loss-of-function), covering Colorectal Adenocarcinoma, Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Melanoma, Endometrial Carcinoma.
- Target · the protein and the cell it sits on
- Drug · antibody, small molecule, cell or radioligand
- Effect · signal, damage or kill
In plain words · DICER1 (Endoribonuclease Dicer) is an enzyme. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Lung cancer, Sarcomas, Brain and spinal cord tumours and 5 more.
- 1 · What it is
DICER1 (Endoribonuclease Dicer) is an enzyme. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Lung cancer, Sarcomas, Brain and spinal cord tumours and 5 more.
- 2 · What goes wrong in cancer
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) endoribonuclease playing a central role in short dsRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing.
- 3 · How drugs use it
No product in this corpus aims at DICER1 yet. Inhibitors are shaped to fit the enzyme's active site so the reaction the cancer relies on stops.
External identifiers
Sources: HGNC HGNC:17098 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt Q9UPY3 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); CIViC gene DICER1 (31 evidence items, 3 assertions, 15 variants; diseases: Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumour, Gynandroblastoma, Anaplastic Sarcoma Of The Kidney, Pleuropulmonary Blastoma, Glandular Pattern Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumour and 3 more (GraphQL API, CC0)); Open Targets ENSG00000100697 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.87; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: non-small cell lung carcinoma 0.79, colorectal cancer 0.56, ovarian cancer 0.62, endometrial cancer 0.54, melanoma 0.62, sarcoma 0.79 (GraphQL API, CC0)); IntOGen DICER1 (driver in 4 cohorts (Act 1, LoF 3); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0)
Biology
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) endoribonuclease playing a central role in short dsRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Cleaves naturally occurring long dsRNAs and short hairpin pre-microRNAs (miRNA) into fragments of twenty-one to twenty-three nucleotides with 3' overhang of two nucleotides, producing respectively short interfering RNAs (siRNA) and mature microRNAs. SiRNAs and miRNAs serve as guide to direct the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to complementary RNAs to degrade them or prevent their translation. Gene silencing mediated by siRNAs, also called RNA interference, controls the elimination of transcripts from mobile and repetitive DNA elements of the genome but also the degradation of exogenous RNA of viral origin for instance. The miRNA pathway on the other side is a mean to specifically regulate the expression of target genes. Location: Cytoplasm; Cytoplasm, perinuclear region (UniProt). Locus 14q32.13 (HGNC).
- Lung cancer: Open Targets association 0.80 with lung cancer (MONDO_0008903)
- Sarcomas: Open Targets association 0.79 with sarcoma (MONDO_0005089)
- Brain and spinal cord tumours: Open Targets association 0.66 with brain cancer (MONDO_0001657)
- Ovarian cancer: Open Targets association 0.62 with ovarian cancer (MONDO_0008170)
- Skin cancer: Open Targets association 0.57 with skin cancer (MONDO_0002898)
- Colorectal cancer: Open Targets association 0.56 with colorectal cancer (MONDO_0005575); IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (COADREAD)
Notes
top- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 1 cohort; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 3 cohorts; CIViC holds 31 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier "clinical-evidence" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.
- Diseases the sources name that have no OnCo cancer page yet, so they are not linked: Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumour; Gynandroblastoma; Anaplastic Sarcoma Of The Kidney; Pleuropulmonary Blastoma; Glandular Pattern Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumour; Pituitary Blastoma; Granulosa Cell Tumour; Mature Teratoma Of The Ovary.
Latest papers
topQuery for this target: (TITLE:"DICER1" OR ABSTRACT:"DICER1" OR TITLE:"dicer 1, ribonuclease III" OR ABSTRACT:"dicer 1, ribonuclease III" OR TITLE:"Endoribonuclease Dicer" OR ABSTRACT:"Endoribonuclease Dicer" OR TITLE:"Dicer" OR ABSTRACT:"Dicer" OR TITLE:"KIAA0928" OR ABSTRACT:"KIAA0928" OR TITLE:"K12H4.8-LIKE" OR ABSTRACT:"K12H4.8-LIKE") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about DICER1, not a curated reading list.
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