B2M
B2M (Beta-2-microglobulin) is a gene whose normal job is to hold cell growth in check. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Colorectal cancer, Lung cancer and 5 more.
Overview
Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. Exogenously applied M.tuberculosis EsxA or EsxA-EsxB (or EsxA expressed in host) binds B2M and decreases its export to the cell surface (total protein levels do not change), probably leading to defects in class I antigen presentation.
CIViC holds 7 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 4 variants, naming Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor and others. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.69 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.98, affected pathway 0.61, genetic association 0.00, somatic mutation 0.88). IntOGen calls it a driver in 10 cohorts (4 activating, 6 loss-of-function), covering Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, NOS, Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Melanoma, Malignant Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and others.
- Target · the protein and the cell it sits on
- Drug · antibody, small molecule, cell or radioligand
- Effect · signal, damage or kill
In plain words · B2M (Beta-2-microglobulin) is a gene whose normal job is to hold cell growth in check. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Colorectal cancer, Lung cancer and 5 more.
- 1 · What it is
B2M (Beta-2-microglobulin) is a gene whose normal job is to hold cell growth in check. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Colorectal cancer, Lung cancer and 5 more.
- 2 · What goes wrong in cancer
Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system.
- 3 · How drugs use it
No product in this corpus aims at B2M yet. Because the protein is lost rather than overactive, drugs either restore its function or exploit the weakness its loss leaves (synthetic lethality).
External identifiers
Sources: HGNC HGNC:914 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt P61769 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); CIViC gene B2M (7 evidence items, 0 assertions, 4 variants; diseases: Colorectal Cancer, Melanoma, Lung Cancer, Mantle Cell Lymphoma, Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and 1 more (GraphQL API, CC0)); Open Targets ENSG00000166710 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.69; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: colorectal cancer 0.56, melanoma 0.57, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 0.67, non-Hodgkin lymphoma 0.72 (GraphQL API, CC0)); IntOGen B2M (driver in 10 cohorts (Act 4, LoF 6); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0)
Biology
Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. Exogenously applied M.tuberculosis EsxA or EsxA-EsxB (or EsxA expressed in host) binds B2M and decreases its export to the cell surface (total protein levels do not change), probably leading to defects in class I antigen presentation. Location: Secreted; Cell surface (UniProt). Locus 15q21.1 (HGNC).
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Open Targets association 0.72 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MONDO_0018908); IntOGen driver in 2 cohorts (MLYM, NHL)
- Colorectal cancer: Open Targets association 0.56 with colorectal cancer (MONDO_0005575); CIViC evidence names this disease
- Lung cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease
- Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 2 cohorts (HNSC)
- Cervical cancer: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (CESC)
- Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Open Targets association 0.67 with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (MONDO_0018905); CIViC evidence names this disease
Notes
top- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 5 therapies; IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 4 cohorts; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 6 cohorts; CIViC holds 7 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier "clinical-evidence" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.
Latest papers
topQuery for this target: (TITLE:"B2M" OR ABSTRACT:"B2M" OR TITLE:"beta-2-microglobulin" OR ABSTRACT:"beta-2-microglobulin" OR TITLE:"Beta-2-microglobulin" OR ABSTRACT:"Beta-2-microglobulin") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about B2M, not a curated reading list.
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