Cancers·Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types)

Types and stagesNon-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types)

Back to the Non-Hodgkin lymphoma hub →46 subtypes · 5 staging notes

Anatomy, the subtypes and how they differ, how it is staged, and where advanced disease spreads.

Types and stages

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Staging and risk scores →

Subtypes

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Follicular lymphoma
Marginal zone lymphoma
Mantle cell lymphoma
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia / small lymphocytic lymphoma
Burkitt lymphoma
Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma)
Primary CNS lymphoma
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas
HIV-associated lymphomas
B-cell lymphomas, about 95 per cent of lymphoma in the United Kingdom (HMRN)
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the commonest single subtype at about 41 per cent of lymphoma diagnoses
Follicular lymphoma and the other indolent germinal-centre lymphomas
Marginal zone lymphomas : extranodal (MALT), nodal and splenic
Burkitt lymphoma and the high-grade B-cell lymphomas, including those with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, of which Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia is the IgM type
Large B-cell lymphomas of immune-privileged sites : the central nervous system, the vitreoretina and the testis
Virus-associated B-cell lymphomas : EBV-positive, KSHV/HHV8-associated (primary effusion lymphoma) and plasmablastic lymphoma
Lymphomas arising in immune deficiency and dysregulation, including after transplant and in HIV
T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas, about 5 per cent of lymphoma in the United Kingdom
Nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomas, of which the angioimmunoblastic type is the commonest
The anaplastic large cell lymphomas : ALK-positive, ALK-negative, primary cutaneous and breast implant-associated
Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, of which mycosis fungoides is the commonest
EBV-positive NK/T-cell lymphomas, including extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma
Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma, caused by HTLV-1
Intestinal T-cell lymphomas : enteropathy-associated and monomorphic epitheliotropic

How it is staged

Sources: Lugano classification: recommendations for initial evaluation, staging and response assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (Cheson, J Clin Oncol 2014), Report of the Committee on Hodgkin's Disease Staging Classification (Carbone, Cancer Research 1971, 31:1860 to 1861), A predictive model for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: the International Prognostic Index (N Engl J Med 1993), Peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified: the Prognostic Index for T-cell lymphoma (Gallamini, Blood 2004), NCI PDQ: adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma treatment (health professional version), Lymphoma Action: types of lymphoma (UK patient charity)

The Lugano classification (2014), which modified the Ann Arbor system of 1971: stage I, one lymph node region; stage II, two or more on the same side of the diaphragm; stage III, both sides; stage IV, diffuse involvement of an organ outside the lymphatic system.
The suffix E marks a single extranodal site reached by direct extension, and the suffixes A and B for the absence or presence of fever, night sweats and weight loss are formally recorded only for Hodgkin lymphoma.
Bulk is recorded separately : a single mass of 10 cm or more, or more than a third of the width of the chest, which changes treatment in several subtypes.
Stage matters less in lymphoma than in solid cancers. The prognosis is read from a score : the International Prognostic Index for aggressive lymphoma, FLIPI for follicular, MIPI for mantle cell and the Prognostic Index for T-cell lymphoma for the nodal T-cell lymphomas.
Stage IV lymphoma is routinely treated with the intention to cure, which is not what stage IV means in most other cancers.

Cancers·Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types)

Types and stagesNon-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types)

Back to the Non-Hodgkin lymphoma hub →46 subtypes · 5 staging notes

Anatomy, the subtypes and how they differ, how it is staged, and where advanced disease spreads.

Types and stages

top

Staging and risk scores →

Subtypes

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Follicular lymphoma
Marginal zone lymphoma
Mantle cell lymphoma
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia / small lymphocytic lymphoma
Burkitt lymphoma
Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma)
Primary CNS lymphoma
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas
HIV-associated lymphomas
B-cell lymphomas, about 95 per cent of lymphoma in the United Kingdom (HMRN)
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the commonest single subtype at about 41 per cent of lymphoma diagnoses
Follicular lymphoma and the other indolent germinal-centre lymphomas
Marginal zone lymphomas : extranodal (MALT), nodal and splenic
Burkitt lymphoma and the high-grade B-cell lymphomas, including those with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, of which Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia is the IgM type
Large B-cell lymphomas of immune-privileged sites : the central nervous system, the vitreoretina and the testis
Virus-associated B-cell lymphomas : EBV-positive, KSHV/HHV8-associated (primary effusion lymphoma) and plasmablastic lymphoma
Lymphomas arising in immune deficiency and dysregulation, including after transplant and in HIV
T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas, about 5 per cent of lymphoma in the United Kingdom
Nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomas, of which the angioimmunoblastic type is the commonest
The anaplastic large cell lymphomas : ALK-positive, ALK-negative, primary cutaneous and breast implant-associated
Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, of which mycosis fungoides is the commonest
EBV-positive NK/T-cell lymphomas, including extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma
Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma, caused by HTLV-1
Intestinal T-cell lymphomas : enteropathy-associated and monomorphic epitheliotropic

How it is staged

Sources: Lugano classification: recommendations for initial evaluation, staging and response assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (Cheson, J Clin Oncol 2014), Report of the Committee on Hodgkin's Disease Staging Classification (Carbone, Cancer Research 1971, 31:1860 to 1861), A predictive model for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: the International Prognostic Index (N Engl J Med 1993), Peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified: the Prognostic Index for T-cell lymphoma (Gallamini, Blood 2004), NCI PDQ: adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma treatment (health professional version), Lymphoma Action: types of lymphoma (UK patient charity)

The Lugano classification (2014), which modified the Ann Arbor system of 1971: stage I, one lymph node region; stage II, two or more on the same side of the diaphragm; stage III, both sides; stage IV, diffuse involvement of an organ outside the lymphatic system.
The suffix E marks a single extranodal site reached by direct extension, and the suffixes A and B for the absence or presence of fever, night sweats and weight loss are formally recorded only for Hodgkin lymphoma.
Bulk is recorded separately : a single mass of 10 cm or more, or more than a third of the width of the chest, which changes treatment in several subtypes.
Stage matters less in lymphoma than in solid cancers. The prognosis is read from a score : the International Prognostic Index for aggressive lymphoma, FLIPI for follicular, MIPI for mantle cell and the Prognostic Index for T-cell lymphoma for the nodal T-cell lymphomas.
Stage IV lymphoma is routinely treated with the intention to cure, which is not what stage IV means in most other cancers.