Cancer in Estonia

IARC estimates 8,363 new cancer cases and 4,094 cancer deaths in Estonia in 2024; the commonest new cancers are prostate, colorectum and breast. This page is assembled automatically from OnCo's data: 41 trials with a site there, 5 institutions and 3 people, and says what OnCo does not yet hold.

Cancer figures, GLOBOCAN 2024

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New cases

8,363

all cancers

Deaths

4,094

all cancers

Incidence rate

280.2

per 100,000, age-standardised

Mortality rate

109.5

per 100,000, age-standardised

Cumulative risk

28.4%

of a cancer by age 74

Population

1,360,549

IARC, 2024

Most new cases

Site	New cases	Rate	OnCo page
Prostate	1,235	98.9	Prostate cancer
Colorectum	1,125	32.3	Colorectal cancer
Breast	891	62.5	Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), HR-positive / HER2-negative breast cancer, HER2-positive breast cancer
Trachea, bronchus and lung	813	24.6	Lung cancer (all types), Non-small-cell lung cancer, Small-cell lung cancer
Stomach	413	12.5	Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer
Kidney	330	10.7	Renal cell carcinoma
Bladder	329	9.6	Bladder & urothelial cancer
Pancreas	306	8.5	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Melanoma of skin	268	10.7	Melanoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	247	8.6	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types), Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Most deaths

Site	Deaths	Rate	OnCo page
Trachea, bronchus and lung	640	18.7	Lung cancer (all types), Non-small-cell lung cancer, Small-cell lung cancer
Colorectum	535	12.1	Colorectal cancer
Prostate	315	18.8	Prostate cancer
Stomach	311	8.8	Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer
Pancreas	288	7.8	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Breast	275	13.6	Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), HR-positive / HER2-negative breast cancer, HER2-positive breast cancer
Kidney	140	3.4	Renal cell carcinoma
Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts	132	3.9	Hepatocellular carcinoma
Bladder	129	2.6	Bladder & urothelial cancer
Leukaemia	128	3.0	Acute myeloid leukaemia, Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Incidence: method 1, trends in national rates projected to 2024.
Mortality: method 1, trends in national rates projected to 2024.
Rates are age-standardised per 100,000 (World standard population), both sexes, all ages. Non-melanoma skin cancer is left out of the site lists, as on the deep dives. IARC lists the country as “Estonia”, in Northern Europe (Europe), Very High HDI, high income.
Source: Ervik M, Laversanne M, Lam F, Colombet M, Ferlay J, Filho AM, Bray F (2026). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today (2024 estimates, version 1.0). Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, read through the IARC API on 2026-11-04.

Trials with a site here

41 trials in OnCo · 9 recruiting overall

41 trials

Trial			Lead sponsor
Long-term Safety and Efficacy Extension Study for Participants With Advanced Tumors Who Are Currently on Treatment or in Follow-up in a Pemb NCT03486873	Phase 3	Recruiting	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	782	2026-10-07
A Study of Opevesostat (MK-5684) Versus Alternative Next-generation Hormonal Agent (NHA) in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) Post One NHA (MK-5684-004) NCT06136650	Phase 3	Recruiting	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	330	2026-10-06
DAREON ® -Lung-1: A Study in People With Advanced Small Cell Lung Cancer to Compare Obrixtamig Plus Atezolizumab, Carboplatin, and Etoposide Treatment NCT07472517	Phase 3	Recruiting	Boehringer Ingelheim	245	2026-09-29
A Clinical Study to Assess the Efficacy of Adjuvant Immunotherapy With Cemiplimab in Patients With Surgically Removed Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Who Have Not Re NCT06931717	Phase 3	Recruiting	ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation	35	2026-09-28
Study of Sotorasib, Panitumumab and FOLFIRI Versus FOLFIRI With or Without Bevacizumab-awwb in Treatment-naïve Participants With Metastatic Colorectal NCT06252649	Phase 3	Recruiting	Amgen	291	2026-09-03
A Study to Evaluate the Benefit of Adding Durvalumab After Chemotherapy, Durvalumab and Surgery in Patients With Early-stage, Operable, Non-small Cell Lung Canc NCT06284317	Phase 3	Recruiting	ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation	42	2026-05-14
Neoadjuvant Darovasertib in Primary Uveal Melanoma NCT07015190	Phase 3	Recruiting	IDEAYA Biosciences	94	2026-05-06
Study of Perioperative Dostarlimab in Participants With Untreated T4N0 or Stage III dMMR/MSI-H Resectable Colon Cancer NCT05855200	Phase 3	Recruiting	GlaxoSmithKline	266	2026-01-23
Study of Navtemadlin as Maintenance Therapy in TP53WT Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer NCT05797831	Phase 2/3	Recruiting	Kartos Therapeutics, Inc.	83	2024-05-02
Trial to Evaluate Acasunlimab and Pembrolizumab Combination Superiority Over Standard of Care Docetaxel in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (ABBIL1TY NSCLC-06) NCT06635824	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Genmab	247	2026-10-06
A Phase 3 Study of UGN-103 for Treatment of Patients With Low-grade Intermediate-risk Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer NCT06331299	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	UroGen Pharma Ltd.	48	2026-09-28
HERIZON-GEA-01 NCT05152147	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Jazz Pharmaceuticals	227	2026-09-24
Placebo-controlled, Study of Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy With Pembrolizumab Followed by Pembrolizumab and Olaparib in Newly Diagnosed Treatment- NCT04624204	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	187	2026-09-24
A Study of Intismeran Autogene (V940) Plus Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) Versus Placebo Plus Pembrolizumab in Participants With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer ( NCT06077760	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	229	2026-09-18
A Study of Zilovertamab Vedotin (MK-2140) as Monotherapy and in Combination in Participants With Aggressive and Indolent B-cell Malignancies (MK-2140- NCT05458297	Phase 2	Active not recruiting	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	109	2026-08-21
CAMBRIA-1 & CAMBRIA-2 NCT05952557	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	AstraZeneca	661	2026-08-10
DUO-E / GOG-3041 / ENGOT-EN10 NCT04269200	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	AstraZeneca	201	2026-08-07
KEYNOTE-671 NCT03425643	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	227	2026-07-29
Study to Continue Treatment With Darolutamide in Patients Who Have Been Participating in Previous Darolutamide Studies Supported by Bayer NCT04464226	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Bayer	335	2026-07-07
Evaluation of Co-formulated Pembrolizumab/Quavonlimab (MK-1308A) Versus Other Treatments in Participants With Microsatellite Instability-High (MSI-H) NCT04895722	Phase 2	Active not recruiting	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	109	2026-07-02
FORTITUDE-101 NCT05052801	Phase 3	Completed	Amgen	300	2026-05-27
Study of Pembrolizumab With Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy Followed by Pembrolizumab With or Without Olaparib in Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) (MK-7339-012/KEYLYNK-012) NCT04380636	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	205	2026-05-15
A Phase 3 Single-Arm Study of UGN-102 for Treatment of Low-Grade Intermediate-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer NCT05243550	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	UroGen Pharma Ltd.	65	2026-05-11
Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) in Combination With Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) Versus CRT Alone in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC) (MK-3475-992/KEYNOTE-992) NCT04241185	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	134	2026-05-01
A Study to Evaluate ABP 206 Compared With OPDIVO® (Nivolumab) in Subjects With Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma NCT06054555	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Amgen	180	2026-01-12
Study of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) Monotherapy Versus Sacituzumab Govitecan in Combination With Pembrolizumab for Participants With Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) With Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) ≥50% (MK-3475-D46) NCT05609968	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC	180	2025-12-24
Phase III Study in First-line Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Who Are Not Candidate for Intensive Therapy. NCT03869892	Phase 3	Active not recruiting	Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier	190	2025-12-22
CUPISCO NCT03498521	Phase 2	Completed	Hoffmann-La Roche	125	2025-11-19
CLL14 NCT02242942	Phase 3	Completed	Hoffmann-La Roche	122	2025-11-06
FRESCO-2 NCT04322539	Phase 3	Completed	Hutchison Medipharma Limited	153	2025-04-04

(showing the first 30)

Trial records in OnCo whose ClinicalTrials.gov entry lists at least one site in Estonia, captured 2026-10-07 to 2026-10-07. Recruiting first, then the most recently updated. The status is the study's overall status; whether a site in Estonia is open is on the registry page, under Contacts and Locations.

Institutions, companies and people

5 institutions

East Tallinn Central Hospital Estonian Cancer Society North Estonia Medical Centre Tartu University Hospital UNCAN-CONNECT (EU Cancer Mission research data network)

3 people

People whose main affiliation in OnCo is an institution or company in Estonia.

Kristo Erikson Priit Perens Tarmo Bakler

Approvals

Estonia is an EU member state, so an EU centralised authorisation covers it: 309 products in OnCo carry a sourced EU row that is approved or conditional. See the approvals by region matrix. National procedures and reimbursement are not recorded.

What OnCo does not yet hold

No registry figures. The figures above are IARC's estimates; OnCo has not read Estonia's own cancer registry, its survival figures or its stage at diagnosis.
No payer detail: who pays for cancer care in Estonia, what a patient pays, and which medicines are reimbursed.
No regulator detail: the national medicines agency's own procedures, beyond EU centralised authorisations.
No national cancer plan, guideline, screening schedule or treatment-centre list read from Estonia's own sources.

Estonia is not among the 60 countries ranked in the country coverage queue (November 2026), which ranks countries without a page by cases, deaths, research output and population. Know a source? Suggest an edit.

Sources and machine-readable data

IARC Global Cancer Observatory, GLOBOCAN 2024: Cancer Today.
ClinicalTrials.gov study records, courtesy of the US National Library of Medicine, as captured in each trial record.
OnCo records: each chip and card opens a record with its own sources.
This page as JSON: /api/v1/countries/ee.json; every country: /api/v1/countries.json.