RAD21
RAD21 (Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog) is a protein that switches other genes on and off. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a DNA repair gene, and it is called a cancer driver by mutation analysis of patient cohorts. Tied to Leukaemia, Myeloproliferative neoplasms, Lung cancer and 2 more.
Overview
As a member of the cohesin complex, involved in sister chromatid cohesion from the time of DNA replication in S phase to their segregation in mitosis, a function that is essential for proper chromosome segregation, post-replicative DNA repair, and the prevention of inappropriate recombination between repetitive regions. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis. In interphase, cohesins may function in the control of gene expression by binding to numerous sites within the genome.
Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.73 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.98, genetic association 0.29, somatic mutation 0.86). IntOGen calls it a driver in 3 cohorts (1 activating, 2 loss-of-function), covering Acute Myeloid Leukaemia, Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
- Target · the protein and the cell it sits on
- Drug · antibody, small molecule, cell or radioligand
- Effect · signal, damage or kill
In plain words · RAD21 (Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog) is a protein that switches other genes on and off. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a DNA repair gene, and it is called a cancer driver by mutation analysis of patient cohorts. Tied to Leukaemia, Myeloproliferative neoplasms, Lung cancer and 2 more.
- 1 · What it is
RAD21 (Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog) is a protein that switches other genes on and off. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a DNA repair gene, and it is called a cancer driver by mutation analysis of patient cohorts. Tied to Leukaemia, Myeloproliferative neoplasms, Lung cancer and 2 more.
- 2 · What goes wrong in cancer
As a member of the cohesin complex, involved in sister chromatid cohesion from the time of DNA replication in S phase to their segregation in mitosis, a function that is essential for proper chromosome segregation, post-replicative DNA repair, and the prevention of inappropriate recombination between repetitive regions.
- 3 · How drugs use it
No product in this corpus aims at RAD21 yet. Transcription factors have no pocket to plug, so drugs either degrade them or block the partner protein they need to dock on DNA.
External identifiers
Sources: HGNC HGNC:9811 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt O60216 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); Open Targets ENSG00000164754 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.73; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: acute myeloid leukaemia 0.60, myeloproliferative neoplasm 0.64, lung cancer 0.54, leukaemia 0.65 (GraphQL API, CC0)); IntOGen RAD21 (driver in 3 cohorts (Act 1, LoF 2); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0)
Biology
As a member of the cohesin complex, involved in sister chromatid cohesion from the time of DNA replication in S phase to their segregation in mitosis, a function that is essential for proper chromosome segregation, post-replicative DNA repair, and the prevention of inappropriate recombination between repetitive regions. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis. In interphase, cohesins may function in the control of gene expression by binding to numerous sites within the genome. May control RUNX1 gene expression. Binds to and represses APOB gene promoter. May play a role in embryonic gut development, possibly through the regulation of enteric neuron development. Location: Nucleus; Nucleus matrix; Chromosome; Chromosome, centromere (UniProt). Locus 8q24.11 (HGNC).
- Leukaemia: Open Targets association 0.65 with leukaemia (MONDO_0005059)
- Myeloproliferative neoplasms: Open Targets association 0.64 with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MONDO_0020076)
- Lung cancer: Open Targets association 0.54 with lung cancer (MONDO_0008903)
- Acute myeloid leukaemia: Open Targets association 0.60 with acute myeloid leukaemia (MONDO_0018874); IntOGen driver in 2 cohorts (AML)
- Non-small-cell lung cancer: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (LUSC)
Notes
top- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 1 cohort; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 2 cohorts; UniProt keyword "DNA repair". Evidence tier "cohort-driver" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.
Latest papers
topQuery for this target: (TITLE:"RAD21" OR ABSTRACT:"RAD21" OR TITLE:"RAD21 cohesin complex component" OR ABSTRACT:"RAD21 cohesin complex component" OR TITLE:"Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog" OR ABSTRACT:"Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog" OR TITLE:"KIAA0078" OR ABSTRACT:"KIAA0078" OR TITLE:"hHR21" OR ABSTRACT:"hHR21" OR TITLE:"SCC1" OR ABSTRACT:"SCC1") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about RAD21, not a curated reading list.
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