A Saudi philanthropic foundation whose King Faisal Prize includes a yearly prize for medicine on a set topic; several have gone to cancer research, such as breast cancer, leukaemia, prostate cancer and cancer immunotherapy.
The King Faisal Foundation in Riyadh established the King Faisal Prize in 1977 and first awarded it in 1979. It is given in five categories: Service to Islam, Islamic Studies, Arabic Language and Literature, Medicine and Science. The medicine prize, first awarded in 1982, goes each year to work on a topic the selection committee announces, and the nominee must have published original research on that topic.
Cancer topics on the medicine laureates list include leukaemia (Janet D. Rowley and Melvin F. Greaves, 1988), breast cancer (Axel Ullrich and Umberto Veronesi, 2003), tobacco risks to health (Richard Doll and Richard Peto, 2005), prostate cancer (Patrick C. Walsh and Fernand Labrie, 2007), molecular targeted therapy (Ronald Levy, 2009), immunotherapy for cancer (James P. Allison, 2018) and cellular therapy (Michel Sadelain, 2025). Tak W. Mak was a laureate in molecular immunology in 1995.
Working part-time at her dining-room table in 1972, she showed the Philadelphia chromosome in CML is a swap between chromosomes 9 and 22. Cancer had a genetic cause, and imatinib later hit the fused gene.
Showed that childhood leukaemia begins before birth and framed cancer as an evolutionary process.
The Milan surgeon whose randomised trial showed that removing a quarter of the breast with radiotherapy was as safe as removing the whole breast and the chest muscles, and who went on to found the European Institute of Oncology and, as health minister, to fund Italy's particle therapy centre.
Epidemiologist who quantified how smoking kills and invented the meta-analysis methods that established adjuvant cancer therapy.
Developed the first antibody treatment for cancer, rituximab, and still works on training the immune system against lymphoma.
Discovered that blocking CTLA-4 unleashes T cells against cancer, the work behind ipilimumab and the 2018 Nobel Prize.
Designed the second-generation CAR with a CD28 costimulatory domain that made CAR-T therapy work.
Cloned the T-cell receptor and co-discovered CTLA-4's brake function, foundations of modern immunotherapy.
Shares Tak W. Mak, James P. Allison.
Shares Charles Rodolphe Brupbacher Foundation, Janet Rowley, Lasker Foundation.
Shares Pezcoller Foundation, Lasker Foundation.
Shares Tak W. Mak, Michel Sadelain, James P. Allison.
Shares Ronald Levy, Tak W. Mak, Sir Richard Peto, Pezcoller Foundation.
Shares Pezcoller Foundation, Charles Rodolphe Brupbacher Foundation.
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