Ovarian cancer
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/ovarian/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
46 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example BRCA1/2, HRD, FRα IHC, CDH6, CA-125), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (newly diagnosed), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for Carboplatin, Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel, Olaparib or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.For my situation (platinum-sensitive relapse), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.For my situation (platinum-resistant), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 9.Am I a candidate for Mirvetuximab soravtansine, Relacorilant, Pembrolizumab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 10.For my situation (prevention and risk), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 11.How do the results of UKCTOCS apply to someone like me?
- 12.For my situation (newly diagnosed stage i-ii), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 13.Am I a candidate for Carboplatin, Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel, and what side effects should I expect?
- 14.For my situation (newly diagnosed stage iii-iv: surgery and chemotherapy), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 15.Am I a candidate for Carboplatin, Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel, Bevacizumab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 16.How do the results of OVHIPEC-1 and GOG-0218 & ICON7 (bevacizumab) apply to someone like me?
- 17.For my situation (first-line maintenance, brca-mutated), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 18.Am I a candidate for Olaparib, Niraparib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 19.How do the results of SOLO-1 and PAOLA-1 / ENGOT-ov25 apply to someone like me?
- 20.For my situation (first-line maintenance, hrd-positive brca-wild-type), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 21.Am I a candidate for Olaparib, Bevacizumab, Niraparib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 22.How do the results of PAOLA-1 / ENGOT-ov25 apply to someone like me?
- 23.For my situation (first-line maintenance, hrd-negative), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 24.Am I a candidate for Bevacizumab, Niraparib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 25.How do the results of PRIMA / ENGOT-OV26 apply to someone like me?
- 26.For my situation (platinum-sensitive relapse (interval >6 months)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 27.Am I a candidate for Carboplatin, Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, Bevacizumab or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 28.How do the results of DESKTOP III / ENGOT-ov20 apply to someone like me?
- 29.For my situation (platinum-resistant relapse, frα-high), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 30.Am I a candidate for Mirvetuximab soravtansine, and what side effects should I expect?
- 31.How do the results of MIRASOL / GOG-3045 apply to someone like me?
- 32.For my situation (platinum-resistant relapse, pd-l1 cps ≥1), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 33.Am I a candidate for Pembrolizumab, Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel, Bevacizumab, and what side effects should I expect?
- 34.How do the results of KEYNOTE-B96 / ENGOT-ov65 apply to someone like me?
- 35.For my situation (platinum-resistant relapse, other), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 36.Am I a candidate for Relacorilant, Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, Bevacizumab or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 37.How do the results of ROSELLA / GOG-3073 apply to someone like me?
- 38.For my situation (low-grade serous carcinoma), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 39.Am I a candidate for Letrozole (and other aromatase inhibitors), Avutometinib + defactinib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 40.How do the results of RAMP 201 apply to someone like me?
- 41.For my situation (rare histologies), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 42.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Raludotatug deruxtecan, Puxitatug samrotecan, PARP PET, Galleri?
- 43.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 44.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 45.I read that “No effective screening”. How does that affect my plan?
- 46.I read that “PARP resistance via BRCA reversion”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC): Low-grade serous ovarian cancer is a slow-growing, RAS-driven type of ovarian cancer that resists chemotherapy but responds to hormone blockers and MEK-pathway drugs.
- High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC): High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is the most common type of ovarian cancer and the one most often found late; it actually starts in the fallopian tube and almost always has a broken TP53 gene, and it is the type PARP inhibitors were built for.
- CA-125: A blood protein that rises in most ovarian cancers; useful for tracking treatment, useless for screening on its own.
- Synthetic lethality: Two genes where losing either alone is fine but losing both kills the cell.
- Debulking (cytoreductive surgery): Surgery that removes as much tumour as possible when it cannot all be removed cleanly; leaving nothing visible behind is what matters.
- Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy: Delivering chemotherapy directly into the abdominal cavity through a catheter, so the tumour deposits on the lining get a far higher dose than the rest of the body would tolerate.
- Salpingo-oophorectomy: Removing the ovaries and fallopian tubes.
- Platinum-sensitive / platinum-resistant: Whether a cancer that responded to platinum chemotherapy came back more than six months later (sensitive, so platinum can be used again) or sooner (resistant, so something else is needed).
- HIPEC (hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy): After surgeons remove all visible tumour from the abdominal lining, the abdomen is bathed for 60-90 minutes in heated chemotherapy to kill the microscopic cells left behind.
- Maintenance therapy: Ongoing, gentler treatment given after the main course has shrunk the cancer, to hold it in check for as long as possible rather than to shrink it further.
Tests and results to bring
Newly diagnosed: Surgery + platinum-taxane ± bevacizumab ± HIPEC; PARP maintenance by HRD status.
Newly diagnosed stage I-II: Complete surgical staging; adjuvant carboplatin-paclitaxel for high-grade or stage IC-II disease; observation for low-risk stage IA-IB grade 1-2.
Newly diagnosed stage III-IV: surgery and chemotherapy: Primary debulking if complete resection is feasible, else 3 cycles neoadjuvant carboplatin-paclitaxel then interval debulking (with HIPEC in stage III, OVHIPEC-1) and 3 more cycles; add bevacizumab for high-risk or residual disease.
Biomarker results to ask for: BRCA1/2 (germline and somatic), HRD (myChoice), FRα IHC, CDH6, CA-125, PD-L1, Germline and somatic BRCA1/2, HRD genomic instability score (myChoice CDx, FoundationOne), Folate receptor alpha IHC (≥75% of cells at 2+ for mirvetuximab), PD-L1 CPS ≥1 (pembrolizumab, KEYNOTE-B96), KRAS/BRAF/NRAS (low-grade serous), CA-125 and HE4 (monitoring, ROMA index), Platinum-free interval (defines sensitive vs resistant), MMR/MSI (endometrioid, clear-cell), HER2 (mucinous, some clear-cell).
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: Companion diagnostics, Germline (hereditary) testing, HRD & BRCA testing, HRD genomic scar scores (GIS, LOH, HRDetect), Liquid biopsy (ctDNA), Serum tumour markers: proper use and misuse.
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Prevention and risk: Germline testing for all patients; risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy for BRCA carriers (age 35-45); opportunistic salpingectomy at pelvic surgery for average-risk women; oral contraceptives reduce risk. No population screening (UKCTOCS negative). (Germline (hereditary) testing, Risk-reducing and opportunistic salpingectomy, Chemoprevention & risk-reducing surgery, UKCTOCS)
- Low-grade serous carcinoma: Surgery; endocrine maintenance (letrozole) after chemotherapy or instead of it; at recurrence, avutometinib + defactinib if KRAS-mutated (2025), trametinib, or endocrine therapy. (Letrozole (and other aromatase inhibitors), Avutometinib + defactinib, RAMP 201, Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC))
- Rare histologies: Clear-cell: platinum-based therapy, trials of immunotherapy and ARID1A-directed agents; mucinous: consider GI regimens and HER2 testing; germ-cell: BEP chemotherapy with >90% cure. (Platinum agents, Immune checkpoint inhibitors)
- Platinum-sensitive relapse: Platinum doublet + PARP maintenance; secondary cytoreduction in selected cases.
- Platinum-resistant: Mirvetuximab (FRα-high), relacorilant + nab-paclitaxel, pembrolizumab (PD-L1+), single-agent chemotherapy. (Mirvetuximab soravtansine, Relacorilant, Pembrolizumab)
- Platinum-sensitive relapse (interval >6 months): Secondary cytoreduction if AGO-score positive (DESKTOP III); platinum doublet (carboplatin with PLD, paclitaxel, or gemcitabine) ± bevacizumab; PARP maintenance if PARP-naive and BRCA/HRD-positive. (DESKTOP III / ENGOT-ov20, Carboplatin, Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, Bevacizumab, Olaparib, Niraparib, Rucaparib)
- Platinum-resistant relapse, FRα-high: Mirvetuximab soravtansine (MIRASOL, OS benefit) with ophthalmic prophylaxis. (Mirvetuximab soravtansine, MIRASOL / GOG-3045, Folate receptor alpha)
- Platinum-resistant relapse, PD-L1 CPS ≥1: Pembrolizumab + weekly paclitaxel ± bevacizumab (KEYNOTE-B96, approved Feb 2026). (Pembrolizumab, Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel, Bevacizumab, KEYNOTE-B96 / ENGOT-ov65)
- Platinum-resistant relapse, other: Relacorilant + nab-paclitaxel (ROSELLA, approved 2026); single-agent weekly paclitaxel, PLD, or topotecan ± bevacizumab (AURELIA); clinical trials of FRα and CDH6 ADCs. (Relacorilant, ROSELLA / GOG-3073, Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, Bevacizumab, Rinatabart sesutecan, Raludotatug deruxtecan)
- First-line maintenance, BRCA-mutated: Olaparib 2 years (SOLO-1) or olaparib + bevacizumab (PAOLA-1) or niraparib 3 years (PRIMA). (Olaparib, SOLO-1, PAOLA-1 / ENGOT-ov25, Niraparib, PRIMA / ENGOT-OV26)
- First-line maintenance, HRD-positive BRCA-wild-type: Olaparib + bevacizumab (PAOLA-1, OS benefit) or niraparib (PRIMA, PFS only). (Olaparib, Bevacizumab, PAOLA-1 / ENGOT-ov25, Niraparib, HRD & BRCA testing, PARP inhibitor + bevacizumab maintenance (HRD-positive))
- First-line maintenance, HRD-negative: Bevacizumab continuation if started; niraparib is an option with small PFS benefit and no OS benefit (PRIMA); observation is reasonable. (Bevacizumab, Niraparib, PRIMA / ENGOT-OV26)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.