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Papillary and follicular thyroid cancer are staged differently by age: under 55 there are only stages I and II, while from 55 the stage runs from I to IV by size and spread.
AJCC chapter 73 covers differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and is an 8th edition chapter in the AJCC 2026 table. In the NCI's summary, staging depends on the type of thyroid cancer and the person's age. For papillary and follicular cancer under 55, stage I is a tumour of any size that may have spread to nearby tissue and nodes, and stage II is distant spread. From 55, stage I is cancer in the thyroid only of 4 cm or less; stage III is spread into soft tissue, oesophagus, trachea, larynx or the recurrent laryngeal nerve; stage IVA is spread in front of the spine or around the carotid artery; stage IVB is spread to distant sites such as lungs or bones. Anaplastic and medullary cancers have their own stages. The stage descriptions are those in the National Cancer Institute's PDQ summary, which follows the AJCC tables.
Site decides cause and behaviour: HPV drives oropharyngeal cancer, EBV drives nasopharyngeal cancer, tobacco drives oral and laryngeal cancer; all drain into the neck node levels that surgeons and radiotherapists map.
Same organ: Acinic cell carcinoma of the salivary glands, Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2A and MEN2B), Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumour syndrome (CDC73-related parathyroid carcinoma), Oropharyngeal cancer (tonsil and base of tongue), Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer, Oral cavity cancer (mouth and tongue), Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Salivary gland cancers, Papillary thyroid cancer, Follicular thyroid cancer, Medullary thyroid cancer, Anaplastic thyroid cancer, Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers (including esthesioneuroblastoma), NUT carcinoma (midline carcinoma with NUTM1 rearrangement), Parathyroid carcinoma, Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes (MEN1, MEN2, MEN4), HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer, HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (including HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancer), Recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Hypopharyngeal cancer, Adenoid cystic carcinoma, Salivary duct carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, Oral tongue and floor of mouth cancer, Buccal mucosa and gingivobuccal cancer (oral cancer in India), Lip cancer, Locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (stage III to IVA), Recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Esthesioneuroblastoma (olfactory neuroblastoma), Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) and SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal carcinoma
Showing the organ this term concerns: Thyroid cancer.
Shares AJCC stage (TNM staging manual), Disease-specific staging and risk systems (FIGO, Ann Arbor, IPI, R-ISS, ELN, IMDC), TNM staging.
Shares AJCC stage (TNM staging manual), Disease-specific staging and risk systems (FIGO, Ann Arbor, IPI, R-ISS, ELN, IMDC), TNM staging.
Shares AJCC stage (TNM staging manual), Disease-specific staging and risk systems (FIGO, Ann Arbor, IPI, R-ISS, ELN, IMDC), TNM staging.
Shares AJCC stage (TNM staging manual), Disease-specific staging and risk systems (FIGO, Ann Arbor, IPI, R-ISS, ELN, IMDC), TNM staging.
Shares TI-RADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System), Thyroid cancer.
Shares Disease-specific staging and risk systems (FIGO, Ann Arbor, IPI, R-ISS, ELN, IMDC), TNM staging.
Shares Disease-specific staging and risk systems (FIGO, Ann Arbor, IPI, R-ISS, ELN, IMDC), TNM staging.
Shares Disease-specific staging and risk systems (FIGO, Ann Arbor, IPI, R-ISS, ELN, IMDC), TNM staging.
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