ARAF
ARAF (Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf) is a protein kinase, an enzyme that switches other proteins on by adding phosphate groups. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Lung cancer, Colorectal cancer, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and 4 more.
Overview
Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. May also regulate the TOR signalling cascade. Phosphorylates PFKFB2.
CIViC holds 10 clinical evidence items and 1 assertion across 8 variants, naming Sorafenib, Cobimetinib, Vemurafenib and Cetuximab and others. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.66 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes clinical 0.17, affected pathway 0.88, literature 0.94, genetic association 0.00, somatic mutation 0.46, animal model 0.43). IntOGen calls it a driver in 3 cohorts (3 activating, 0 loss-of-function), covering Cholangiocarcinoma, Lung Adenocarcinoma, Small Cell Lung Cancer.
- Target · the protein and the cell it sits on
- Drug · antibody, small molecule, cell or radioligand
- Effect · signal, damage or kill
In plain words · ARAF (Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf) is a protein kinase, an enzyme that switches other proteins on by adding phosphate groups. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Lung cancer, Colorectal cancer, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and 4 more.
- 1 · What it is
ARAF (Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf) is a protein kinase, an enzyme that switches other proteins on by adding phosphate groups. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Lung cancer, Colorectal cancer, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and 4 more.
- 2 · What goes wrong in cancer
Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. May also regulate the TOR signalling cascade.
- 3 · How drugs use it
No product in this corpus aims at ARAF yet. Kinases are switched on by binding ATP inside the cell, so most drugs are small molecules shaped to plug that ATP pocket.
External identifiers
Sources: HGNC HGNC:646 (approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)); UniProt P10398 (protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)); CIViC gene ARAF (10 evidence items, 1 assertions, 8 variants; diseases: Lung Non-small Cell Carcinoma, Lung Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Langerhans-cell Histiocytosis, Erdheim-Chester Disease (GraphQL API, CC0)); Open Targets ENSG00000078061 (association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.66; (GraphQL API, CC0)); IntOGen ARAF (driver in 3 cohorts (Act 3, LoF 0); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0)
Biology
Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. May also regulate the TOR signalling cascade. Phosphorylates PFKFB2. Serves as a positive regulator of myogenic differentiation by inducing cell cycle arrest, the expression of myogenin and other muscle-specific proteins, and myotube formation. Locus Xp11.3 (HGNC).
- Lung cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease
- Colorectal cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis: CIViC evidence names this disease
- Non-small-cell lung cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease; IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (LUAD)
- Erdheim-Chester disease: CIViC evidence names this disease
- Biliary tract cancer: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (CHOL)
Notes
top- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.17; IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 3 cohorts; CIViC holds 10 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier "clinical-evidence" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.
Latest papers
topQuery for this target: (TITLE:"ARAF" OR ABSTRACT:"ARAF" OR TITLE:"A-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase" OR ABSTRACT:"A-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase" OR TITLE:"Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf" OR ABSTRACT:"Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf" OR TITLE:"A-Raf" OR ABSTRACT:"A-Raf" OR TITLE:"ARAF1" OR ABSTRACT:"ARAF1") AND (cancer OR tumor OR tumour OR oncology OR carcinoma OR lymphoma OR leukemia OR leukaemia OR myeloma OR sarcoma OR melanoma OR glioma). Results are unfiltered search hits about ARAF, not a curated reading list.
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