Prostate cancer
Prepared with OnCo (onco.cc/prep/prostate/). Orientation, not medical advice; your team knows your case.
My details
What I know, what is unclear, changes to discuss
Saved in this browserMy questions
38 on the sheet- 1.What is my exact diagnosis, stage, and grade, and which tests established them?
- 2.Which biomarkers have been tested on my tumour (for example PSA, Gleason / Grade Group, PSMA PET, HRR genes, PTEN), and what were the results?
- 3.Which subtype is my cancer, and does that change the recommended treatment?
- 4.Is germline (inherited) genetic testing recommended for me or my family?
- 5.For my situation (localised), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 6.Am I a candidate for ArteraAI Prostate, and what side effects should I expect?
- 7.For my situation (metastatic hormone-sensitive), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 8.Am I a candidate for Capivasertib, and what side effects should I expect?
- 9.For my situation (castration-resistant), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 10.Am I a candidate for Lutetium-177 vipivotide tetraxetan, Olaparib, Niraparib or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 11.How do the results of VISION and PSMAfore apply to someone like me?
- 12.For my situation (screening), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 13.How do the results of PRECISION apply to someone like me?
- 14.For my situation (localised, low / favourable-intermediate risk), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 15.Am I a candidate for Decipher Prostate, ArteraAI Prostate, and what side effects should I expect?
- 16.How do the results of ProtecT apply to someone like me?
- 17.For my situation (localised, unfavourable-intermediate / high risk), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 18.Am I a candidate for ArteraAI Prostate, and what side effects should I expect?
- 19.How do the results of STAMPEDE apply to someone like me?
- 20.For my situation (biochemical recurrence), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 21.Am I a candidate for Enzalutamide, and what side effects should I expect?
- 22.How do the results of EMBARK apply to someone like me?
- 23.For my situation (metastatic hormone-sensitive (mapmn/s)), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 24.Am I a candidate for Abiraterone acetate, Enzalutamide, Apalutamide or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 25.How do the results of ARASENS and PEACE-1 apply to someone like me?
- 26.For my situation (non-metastatic crpc), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 27.Am I a candidate for Apalutamide, Enzalutamide, Darolutamide, and what side effects should I expect?
- 28.For my situation (metastatic crpc, first line), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 29.Am I a candidate for Olaparib, Talazoparib, Niraparib or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 30.How do the results of PROpel and TALAPRO-2 apply to someone like me?
- 31.For my situation (metastatic crpc, later lines), which of the standard options do you recommend and why?
- 32.Am I a candidate for Lutetium-177 vipivotide tetraxetan, Cabazitaxel, Radium-223 dichloride or related drugs, and what side effects should I expect?
- 33.How do the results of VISION and ALSYMPCA apply to someone like me?
- 34.Are there clinical trials I could join, for example of Actinium-225 PSMA agents, Ifinatamab deruxtecan, Capivasertib, Tarlatamab?
- 35.Would a second opinion at a high-volume centre change anything, and can you help arrange it?
- 36.What supportive care (symptom control, nutrition, exercise, mental health, financial help) is available from the start?
- 37.I read that “Overdiagnosis vs. underdiagnosis in screening”. How does that affect my plan?
- 38.I read that “Neuroendocrine transformation”. How does that affect my plan?
The words I may hear
- Crossover in trials: When patients in a trial's control arm are allowed to switch to the experimental drug after their cancer progresses.
- Androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI): The newer prostate cancer hormone pills (abiraterone, enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide) that block the androgen receptor or the last steps of androgen production, used on top of standard testosterone suppression.
- Radical prostatectomy: Removing the entire prostate gland and seminal vesicles for localised prostate cancer, now almost always with a robot.
- PSA50 / PSA90 response: PSA50 is the share of patients whose PSA falls by at least half on treatment, and PSA90 the share whose PSA falls by 90%.
- Orchiectomy: Surgical removal of a testicle: the diagnostic and first curative step for testicular cancer, or of both, as a cheap permanent form of hormone therapy in prostate cancer.
- Hormone therapy: Treatment that starves cancers which grow in response to a hormone, mainly oestrogen in breast cancer and testosterone in prostate cancer, by lowering the hormone or blocking its receptor.
- mCRPC and mHSPC (castration-resistant vs hormone-sensitive prostate cancer): Prostate cancer starts out fed by testosterone (hormone-sensitive) and shrinks when it is removed.
- Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT): Switching off testosterone, the hormone that feeds prostate cancer, with injections (or tablets) that stop the testicles making it, or by removing them.
- Biochemical recurrence (BCR): PSA rising again after surgery or radiation, usually years before anything shows on a scan.
- AR-V7 splice variant: A truncated form of the androgen receptor that is permanently switched on and ignores hormone-blocking pills.
Tests and results to bring
Biomarker results to ask for: PSA, Gleason / Grade Group, PSMA PET, HRR genes (BRCA2, ATM, etc.), PTEN, MSI, AR-V7 (research), Decipher / ArteraAI, PSA, PSA density, PSA doubling time, Grade Group (Gleason) and cribriform/intraductal pattern, mpMRI PI-RADS score, PSMA PET (SUVmax, total tumour volume) for staging and radioligand eligibility, Germline and somatic HRR genes (BRCA2, BRCA1, ATM, PALB2, CDK12), PTEN loss (IHC or NGS) for capivasertib, MSI/dMMR (~3%, pembrolizumab), Decipher genomic classifier; ArteraAI digital pathology, AR-V7 (CTC) in research/limited use, Testosterone level (castration confirmation), Neuroendocrine markers (chromogranin, synaptophysin, RB1/TP53 loss) on progression.
Scans and tests linked to this cancer: Active surveillance, Companion diagnostics, Germline (hereditary) testing, HRD & BRCA testing, HRD genomic scar scores (GIS, LOH, HRDetect), In-room imaging for radiotherapy (cone-beam CT, ExacTrac, CT-on-rails, HyperSight).
Bring copies of scan reports, pathology and blood results, and a list of every medicine and supplement.
The treatments I may be offered
- Screening: Shared-decision PSA testing from 50 (45 if Black or family history/BRCA), risk-adapted intervals; MRI before biopsy; avoid biopsy if MRI negative and PSA density low. (PSA (prostate-specific antigen), Multiparametric prostate MRI (PI-RADS), PRECISION, Germline (hereditary) testing)
- Localised: Active surveillance, prostatectomy, or radiation ± ADT (duration guided by risk/ArteraAI). (Robotic & minimally invasive surgery, SBRT / SABR (stereotactic radiotherapy), Brachytherapy, ArteraAI Prostate, MRI)
- Localised, low / favourable-intermediate risk: Active surveillance (PSA, MRI, repeat biopsy) for Grade Group 1 and many favourable GG2; genomic classifier or ArteraAI to refine. (Active surveillance, ProtecT, Decipher Prostate, ArteraAI Prostate, Gleason score / Grade Group)
- Localised, unfavourable-intermediate / high risk: Radical prostatectomy (robotic) or radiotherapy (hypofractionated IMRT, SBRT, or brachytherapy boost) with 4-6 months (intermediate) to 18-36 months (high risk) of ADT; abiraterone added for very high risk (STAMPEDE); ArteraAI predicts ADT benefit. (Robotic & minimally invasive surgery, IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam), SBRT / SABR (stereotactic radiotherapy), Brachytherapy, Androgen deprivation & AR pathway inhibitors, ArteraAI Prostate, STAMPEDE)
- Metastatic hormone-sensitive: ADT + ARPI ± docetaxel; PSMA PET staging; capivasertib if PTEN-deficient. (Androgen deprivation & AR pathway inhibitors, PSMA PET, Capivasertib)
- Biochemical recurrence: PSMA PET to localise; salvage radiotherapy ± ADT after prostatectomy; metastasis-directed SBRT for oligorecurrence (investigational for survival); enzalutamide ± ADT for high-risk BCR (EMBARK). (PSMA PET, Biochemical recurrence (BCR), EMBARK, Enzalutamide, SBRT / SABR (stereotactic radiotherapy), PSMA-PET-guided metastasis-directed therapy as a curative strategy in oligorecurrent prostate cancer)
- Metastatic hormone-sensitive (mAPMN/S): ADT (GnRH agonist/antagonist, e.g., relugolix) + ARPI (abiraterone, enzalutamide, apalutamide, or darolutamide); add docetaxel for high-volume de novo disease (ARASENS, PEACE-1); add 177Lu-PSMA-617 if PSMA-positive (PSMAddition, approved 31 Jul 2026); capivasertib + abiraterone if PTEN-deficient (2026); prostate RT for low-volume disease. (Abiraterone acetate, Enzalutamide, Apalutamide, Darolutamide, Relugolix, Docetaxel, ARASENS, PEACE-1, Lutetium-177 vipivotide tetraxetan, PSMAddition, Capivasertib, CAPItello-281)
- Non-metastatic CRPC: Apalutamide, enzalutamide, or darolutamide (SPARTAN, PROSPER, ARAMIS); PSMA PET usually reclassifies as metastatic. (Apalutamide, Enzalutamide, Darolutamide, PSMA PET)
- Metastatic CRPC, first line: ARPI (if not used earlier); PARP inhibitor + ARPI for BRCA/HRR-mutant (olaparib-abiraterone, talazoparib-enzalutamide, niraparib-abiraterone); docetaxel; 177Lu-PSMA-617 after one ARPI before chemotherapy (PSMAfore); pembrolizumab if MSI-high. (Olaparib, Talazoparib, Niraparib, PROpel, TALAPRO-2, MAGNITUDE, PROfound, Lutetium-177 vipivotide tetraxetan, PSMAfore, Docetaxel, Pembrolizumab)
- Castration-resistant: ARPI switch, PARP inhibitor combinations (HRR+), 177Lu-PSMA-617, docetaxel/cabazitaxel, radium-223. (Lutetium-177 vipivotide tetraxetan, Olaparib, Niraparib, Talazoparib, VISION, PSMAfore)
- Metastatic CRPC, later lines: 177Lu-PSMA-617 post-taxane (VISION); cabazitaxel (CARD); radium-223 for bone-only symptomatic disease (with bone protection); 225Ac-PSMA, xaluritamig, pasritamig, mevrometostat in trials; platinum-etoposide for neuroendocrine transformation; tarlatamab/I-DXd trials for DLL3/B7-H3. (Lutetium-177 vipivotide tetraxetan, VISION, Cabazitaxel, Radium-223 dichloride, ALSYMPCA, Actinium-225 PSMA agents, AlphaBreak (FPI-2265) & AcTION (225Ac-PSMA-617), Xaluritamig, XALute, Pasritamig, Mevrometostat, MEVPRO-1, Tarlatamab, Ifinatamab deruxtecan)
From the standard of care recorded for this cancer; which apply depends on your stage and biomarkers. Ask which the team recommends and why.