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The molecular landscape: the targets and how often each appears, the pathways, the mechanics stages and the preclinical models.
The targets of this cancer's medicines and the ones linked to it directly.
| Target / alteration | Prevalence | Measure | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| GRPR (gastrin-releasing peptide receptor) Markwalder and Reubi 1999 (Cancer Res); receptor density was high in carcinoma and PIN and low or absent in normal and hyperplastic prostate | 100% | Receptor autoradiography, GRPR in 30 of 30 invasive prostate carcinomas | PMC |
| Androgen receptor AR-V7 in ~20-40% of mCRPC | >95% | AR-driven at diagnosis | Wikipedia |
| PSMA ~10% PSMA-negative or low | >90% | PSMA PET positivity, metastatic disease | PMC |
| RANK ligand (RANKL) Brown 2001 (Urology); 28 patients studied overall, all bone metastases were RANKL-immunoreactive and the fraction of positive tumour cells was higher in bone metastases than in primaries | 91% | IHC, RANKL in 10 of 11 primary prostate cancer specimens (heterogeneous staining) | doi.org |
| B7-H3 Castration-resistant disease | 80-90% | IHC, any expression | Wikipedia |
| DLL3 Rare in adenocarcinoma | 70-80% | Neuroendocrine prostate cancer only | Wikipedia |
| PARP BRCA2 ~8-10% | 20-25% | HRR gene alteration (mCRPC) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| AKT Higher in mCRPC (~40%) | 15-20% | PTEN loss (pathway activation) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| BRCA1 / BRCA2 (HRD) | 8-12% | Germline or somatic BRCA2 (metastatic) | cBioPortal (TCGA) |
| 5-alpha-reductase type 2 (SRD5A2) | host% | Host enzyme in normal and malignant prostate; finasteride and dutasteride were tested for prevention, not as a tumour marker | cancer.gov |
| CYP17A1 (17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase) | nearly all% | Androgen-driven at diagnosis; abiraterone acts on androgen synthesis in almost every prostate cancer, resistance develops later | cancer.gov |
| EZH2 | n/a | Overexpression in CRPC; no threshold | Wikipedia |
| GnRH receptor (GNRHR) | host% | Host target: pituitary receptor that starts the testosterone chain. Not a tumour alteration, so no prevalence applies; the drug acts on normal tissue or on symptoms. | |
| IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH2) | host% | Host enzyme in normal and malignant prostate; finasteride and dutasteride were tested for prevention, not as a tumour marker | cancer.gov |
| Prostatic acid phosphatase (ACP3, PAP) | nearly all% | Prostatic acid phosphatase expressed by prostate epithelium and most prostate cancers, the antigen sipuleucel-T targets | cancer.gov |
How common each drug target or alteration is in this cancer. Population-level and approximate; see the target page for detail. Full matrix.
7 cell lines, 3 mouse models and 6 repositories are listed for this cancer. See them →