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A carrier that finds the cell, a linker that lets go at the right moment, and a payload that does the killing; the drug-to-antibody ratio says how many payloads ride along. Peptide and bicyclic conjugates and protein-toxin fusions are here too, since they swap the carrier and keep the idea. The corpus holds 93 antibody-drug conjugates medicines: 20 approved, 43 in phase 3, 305 trials recruiting, 58 companies named. Every section below says which records it was read from.
From 1 record:Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC)
An antibody-drug conjugate is an antibody that homes to a protein on the tumour cell, is swallowed, and releases a chemotherapy payload inside it. That widens chemotherapy's safe dose window about a hundredfold, which is why payloads too toxic to give alone can be used, though lung inflammation, neutropenia and eye toxicity from the payload still occur.
Antigen binding → receptor-mediated endocytosis → lysosomal degradation or linker cleavage → payload release → tumour cell death and, with permeable payloads, killing of neighbouring antigen-negative cells.
TermsPayload (ADC)Linker (ADC)Drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR)Bystander effect (ADC)Interstitial lung disease (ILD) / pneumonitis
From 93 records:A166ABBV-706AK146D1AMT-116Anetumab ravtansineARX788AZD4360AZD4512and 85 more in the JSON
Target against payload class, 32 by 6. Open the grid, where every cell links to its medicines and the records behind its state.
From 20 records:Denileukin diftitoxGemtuzumab ozogamicinBrentuximab vedotinTrastuzumab emtansineInotuzumab ozogamicinMoxetumomab pasudotoxEnfortumab vedotinPolatuzumab vedotinand 12 more in the JSON
From 43 records:A166ABBV-706ARX788AZD5335BNT324ESG401FDA018-ADCGQ1005and 35 more in the JSON
From 93 records:A166ABBV-706AK146D1AMT-116Anetumab ravtansineARX788AZD4360AZD4512and 85 more in the JSON
And 22 more, every one a filter pill on the engine table.
And 7 more, every one a filter pill on the engine table.
From 58 records:AstraZenecaPfizer (incl. Seagen)AbbVie (incl. ImmunoGen, Capstan)Jiangsu Hengrui PharmaceuticalsDaiichi SankyoMerck & Co. (MSD)CSPC Pharmaceutical GroupSichuan Kelun-Biotechand 50 more in the JSON
| Company | Type | Medicines | Approved | Phase 3 | Which |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AstraZeneca GB | pharma | 9 | 3 | 3 | |
| Pfizer (incl. Seagen) US | pharma | 7 | 6 | 1 | |
| AbbVie (incl. ImmunoGen, Capstan) US | pharma | 7 | 3 | 2 | |
| Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals CN | pharma | 6 | 1 | 5 | |
| Daiichi Sankyo JP | pharma | 5 | 2 | 3 | |
| Merck & Co. (MSD) US | pharma | 5 | 1 | 4 | |
| CSPC Pharmaceutical Group CN | pharma | 4 | 0 | 2 | |
| Sichuan Kelun-Biotech CN | biotech | 3 | 1 | 1 | |
| Sino Biopharmaceutical (Chia Tai Tianqing) CN | pharma | 3 | 0 | 2 | |
| Roche / Genentech CH | pharma | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
| Astellas JP | pharma | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Eisai JP | pharma | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Genmab DK | biotech | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
| RemeGen CN | biotech | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Alphamab Oncology CN | biotech | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| BioNTech DE | biotech | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| Hansoh Pharmaceutical CN | pharma | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| Innovent Biologics CN | biotech | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| MediLink Therapeutics CN | biotech | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| Minghui Pharmaceutical CN | biotech | 2 | 0 | 1 |
The 38 others are in the JSON; every medicine's page names its companies.
From 305 records:A Clinical Study of Ifinatamab Deruxtecan (I-DXd) in People With Metastatic Prostate Cancer (MK-2400-001)A Clinical Study of Neoadjuvant Treatment With TQB2102 for Injection for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Positive Breast CancerA Clinical Study of Patritumab Deruxtecan to Treat Breast Cancer (MK-1022-016)A Clinical Study of Sacituzumab Tirumotecan (MK-2870) in Combination With Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) as First-line Maintenance Treatment of Cervical CancA Clinical Study of Sacituzumab Tirumotecan (Sac-TMT, MK-2870) in People With Breast Cancer (MK-2870-032)A Clinical Study of SHR-A1811 in Combination With Chemotherapy and Bevacizumab Versus Standard Therapy as First-Line Treatment for Advanced ColorectalA Clinical Study of the Anti-cancer Effects of an Investigational Therapy or Chemotherapy in Patients With Recurring Uterine CancerA Clinical Study of TQB2102 Versus Docetaxel Plus Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab in the Treatment of HER2 Positive Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancerand 297 more in the JSON
From 3 records:Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC)Trastuzumab deruxtecanMirvetuximab soravtansine
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is lung inflammation, a serious side effect of some ADCs (especially Enhertu) and immunotherapy.
Linked fromAntibody-drug conjugate (ADC)Trastuzumab deruxtecan
Eye problems from cancer drugs: blurred vision and corneal damage from certain ADCs (belantamab, tisotumab), retinal fluid from MEK inhibitors, and inflammation from immunotherapy. Usually reversible with dose holds, bu…
Linked fromMirvetuximab soravtansine
From 6 records:Trastuzumab deruxtecanSacituzumab govitecanDatopotamab deruxtecanCiltacabtagene autoleucelTeclistamabBelantamab mafodotin
Resistance can be to the address (antigen) or to the poison (payload). Payload resistance is shared across every TOP1 ADC regardless of target, which is why a second one often fails.
ExemplarsTrastuzumab deruxtecanSacituzumab govitecanDatopotamab deruxtecan
Myeloma escapes BCMA drugs by deleting or mutating the target, or by exhausting the T cells that were supposed to do the killing.
ExemplarsCiltacabtagene autoleucelTeclistamabBelantamab mafodotin
From 107 records:Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC)Bispecific ADCSite-specific conjugation & linker chemistryTopoisomerase-I inhibitors (and ADC payloads)Peptide-drug & small-molecule-drug conjugatesDual-payload ADCMasked / conditionally active ADCImmune-stimulating antibody conjugate (ISAC)and 99 more in the JSON
Datopotamab deruxtecan in patients with untreated, advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TROPION-Breast02): a randomised, open-label, international, phase III trial The trial of 644 women with newly metastatic triple-negative breast cancer who could not have immunotherapy, in which the antibody-drug con… | 2,026 | Annals of Oncology | rct | |
Efficacy and safety of trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with HER2-expressing biliary tract or pancreatic tumors: a subgroup analysis of DESTINY-PanTumor02 In the tumour-agnostic trial that led to the HER2 IHC 3+ approval, trastuzumab deruxtecan shrank about a quarter of 41 pretreated biliary c… | 2,026 | ESMO Open | observational | |
Exploring the spectrum of HER2 in non-metastatic triple negative breast cancer: from HER2-null to HER2-low, including HER2-ultralow status Reclassifying 367 chemotherapy-naive triple-negative cancers put 38% in HER2-null, 38% in HER2-ultralow and 24% in HER2-low; the categories… | 2,026 | Virchows Archiv | observational | |
TROPION-Breast01 China cohort: datopotamab deruxtecan versus chemotherapy in previously treated HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer Among the 83 patients enrolled in mainland China, datopotamab deruxtecan roughly doubled the time before the cancer grew compared with chem… | 2,026 | ESMO Open | rct | |
Clinical and genomic characterization of ERBB2-altered gallbladder cancer: exploring differences between an American and a Chilean cohort In 260 gallbladder cancer patients from New York and Santiago, HER2 gene changes were found in about one in seven at both centres, split be… | 2,024 | JCO Global Oncology | observational | |
DESTINY-Breast06: trastuzumab deruxtecan before any chemotherapy in hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-low or ultralow breast cancer Given as the first chemotherapy-type treatment after hormone therapy stopped working, trastuzumab deruxtecan delayed progression by about f… | 2,024 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
DESTINY-PanTumor02: trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-expressing solid tumours Across seven tumour types including endometrial, cervical and ovarian cancers, trastuzumab deruxtecan shrank tumours in about 37 percent of… | 2,024 | Journal of Clinical Oncology | observational | |
EV-302: enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab replaces chemotherapy as first treatment for advanced bladder cancer Combining the Nectin-4 antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin with pembrolizumab nearly doubled survival compared with platinum chemoth… | 2,024 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
GHSG HD21: PET-guided BrECADD versus escalated BEACOPP in advanced-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma A new regimen built around brentuximab vedotin cured more patients with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma than the intensive BEACOPP standard, and… | 2,024 | The Lancet | rct | |
innovaTV 301: tisotumab vedotin versus chemotherapy as second- or third-line therapy for recurrent cervical cancer The tissue factor-directed antibody-drug conjugate tisotumab vedotin lengthened survival compared with chemotherapy in cervical cancer that… | 2,024 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
SWOG S1826: nivolumab plus AVD chemotherapy versus brentuximab-AVD for advanced Hodgkin lymphoma in adolescents and adults Adding a PD-1 antibody to chemotherapy beat the brentuximab-based standard, with 92% of patients progression-free at two years and less ner… | 2,024 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
Trastuzumab deruxtecan in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-expressing biliary tract cancer (HERB; NCCH1805): a multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial The antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan shrank tumours in about a third of Japanese patients with HER2-positive bile duct or gal… | 2,024 | Journal of Clinical Oncology | observational | |
TROPION-Breast01: datopotamab deruxtecan versus chemotherapy in pretreated hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer, and why a PFS win did not translate to survival The TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugate Dato-DXd delayed progression by about two months compared with chemotherapy, but patients did no… | 2,024 | Journal of Clinical Oncology | rct | |
DESTINY-Lung02: two doses of trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-mutant metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer Comparing two doses of trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-mutant lung cancer showed that the lower 5.4 mg/kg dose gave the same response rate o… | 2,023 | Journal of Clinical Oncology | rct | |
MIRASOL: mirvetuximab soravtansine versus chemotherapy in folate receptor alpha-high platinum-resistant ovarian cancer The antibody-drug conjugate mirvetuximab soravtansine lengthened survival compared with chemotherapy in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer w… | 2,023 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
NAPOLI-3: NALIRIFOX versus gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel as first treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer NAPOLI-3 randomised 770 patients with untreated metastatic pancreatic cancer to NALIRIFOX, a four-drug regimen built on liposomal irinoteca… | 2,023 | The Lancet | rct | |
AHOD1331: brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy in paediatric high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma Swapping bleomycin for the antibody-drug conjugate brentuximab vedotin in children's chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin lymphoma cut the ris… | 2,022 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
Anetumab ravtansine versus vinorelbine in patients with relapsed, mesothelin-positive malignant pleural mesothelioma (ARCS-M): a randomised, open-label phase 2 trial Paper cited by one trial page, one treatment page and one idea page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 35358455 and published in The L… | 2,022 | The Lancet Oncology | rct | |
DESTINY-Breast03: trastuzumab deruxtecan beats T-DM1 as second-line treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer A newer antibody-drug conjugate, trastuzumab deruxtecan, kept HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer under control roughly four times longe… | 2,022 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
DESTINY-Breast04: trastuzumab deruxtecan works in HER2-low breast cancer, creating a new treatable group Breast cancers with only a little HER2 on their surface, long called HER2-negative, responded to trastuzumab deruxtecan and patients lived… | 2,022 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
DESTINY-Lung01: trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer Trastuzumab deruxtecan shrank tumours in more than half of patients with previously treated HER2-mutant lung cancer, a driver with no appro… | 2,022 | New England Journal of Medicine | observational | |
KEYNOTE-355: pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for PD-L1-positive advanced triple-negative breast cancer Adding pembrolizumab to first-line chemotherapy lengthened survival by almost seven months in advanced triple-negative breast cancer whose… | 2,022 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
POLARIX: swapping vincristine for the antibody-drug conjugate polatuzumab vedotin in first-line treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma Replacing one chemotherapy drug in R-CHOP with a CD79b antibody-drug conjugate modestly reduced progression (2-year PFS 76.7% versus 70.2%)… | 2,022 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
TUXEDO-1: trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-positive breast cancer with active brain metastases In a small trial, the antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan shrank brain metastases in almost three quarters of women with HER2-po… | 2,022 | Nature Medicine | observational | |
Antibody-drug conjugates with dual payloads for combating breast tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance Paper cited by one technology page and one idea page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 34112795 and published in Nature Communication… | 2,021 | Nature Communications | basic | |
ASCENT: sacituzumab govitecan doubles survival in heavily pretreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer In triple-negative breast cancer that had already been through at least two treatments, the TROP2 antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govit… | 2,021 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
Biomarker analyses in the phase III ASCENT study of sacituzumab govitecan versus chemotherapy in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer In ASCENT, sacituzumab govitecan beat chemotherapy in tumours with high and medium TROP2 protein, and worked whether or not the patient car… | 2,021 | Annals of Oncology | rct | |
Clinical, pathological, and PAM50 gene expression features of HER2-low breast cancer Among 3,689 HER2-negative breast cancers, 37% of triple-negative and 65% of hormone receptor-positive tumours were HER2-low; in triple-nega… | 2,021 | npj Breast Cancer | observational | |
Clinical, pathological, and PAM50 gene expression features of HER2-low breast cancer A 3,689-patient study showing that 36.6 percent of triple-negative tumours are HER2-low, that in triple-negative disease HER2-low tumours a… | 2,021 | NPJ Breast Cancer | observational | |
DESTINY-CRC01: trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer Trastuzumab deruxtecan shrank tumours in about 45 percent of patients with HER2-high colorectal cancer, including those who had already rec… | 2,021 | The Lancet Oncology | observational |
From 10 records:ADC roadmap: from Mylotarg to bispecific and dual-payload ADCsChemotherapy roadmap: mustard gas → curative combinations → the warhead inside smarter drugsDrug discovery roadmap: screening in mice → maps of dependency → designing in silicoGallbladder cancer roadmap: from a chance finding at gallstone surgery to a disease with its own trialsGlobal access and affordability roadmap: essential medicines and generics → biosimilars and frugal trials → reliance, pooling and homegrown innovationRadical oncology: what could change the war by 2035Targeted therapy roadmap: imatinib → designed for resistance → the undruggable drivers fallTNBC roadmap: from 'nothing to target' to ADC + immunotherapy first lineand 2 more in the JSON
ADC roadmap: from Mylotarg to bispecific and dual-payload ADCs, step 6 · emerging
Dual-payload ADCDegrader-antibody conjugate (DAC)Immune-stimulating antibody conjugate (ISAC)Masked / conditionally active ADCPeptide-drug & small-molecule-drug conjugatesSite-specific conjugation & linker chemistry
Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem, step 11 · current
Sacituzumab govitecanDatopotamab deruxtecanTrastuzumab deruxtecanIzalontamab brengitecanAntibody-drug conjugate (ADC)Bispecific ADC
From 107 records:Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC)Bispecific ADCSite-specific conjugation & linker chemistryTopoisomerase-I inhibitors (and ADC payloads)Peptide-drug & small-molecule-drug conjugatesDual-payload ADCMasked / conditionally active ADCImmune-stimulating antibody conjugate (ISAC)and 99 more in the JSON
ADC for residual disease after KEYNOTE-522 Patients whose TNBC survives chemo-immunotherapy before surgery have a high relapse risk. Give them an ADC after surgery. | Being tested at scale | |
Test DPYD, UGT1A1 and TPMT/NUDT15 before the first dose, everywhere A cheap gene test for DPYD, UGT1A1 and TPMT or NUDT15 before fluoropyrimidines, irinotecan or thiopurines identifies people at risk of severe or fatal toxicity… | Being tested at scale | |
A randomised trial of antibody-drug conjugate sequence in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer Three antibody-drug conjugates now used in triple-negative breast cancer carry the same kind of chemotherapy warhead, a topoisomerase inhibitor. Nobody has ran… | Early clinical | |
A standard platform to get drugs into the brain: focused ultrasound plus shuttle-engineered therapeutics Most cancer drugs cannot cross into the brain. Combine ultrasound that briefly opens the barrier with drugs engineered to be carried across, and make this a st… | Early clinical | |
AI quantification of HER2-low and HER2-ultralow Pathologists disagree about faint HER2 staining, yet that decision unlocks Enhertu. Let a validated algorithm do the counting. | Early clinical | |
Antibody-drug conjugates for mesothelioma: why they have failed so far and how they could work Nearly every mesothelioma carries the surface protein mesothelin, yet the one antibody-drug conjugate tried in a randomised trial did no better than chemothera… | Early clinical | |
Bladder preservation for MIBC after perioperative EV + pembrolizumab complete response If the ADC-immunotherapy combination erases the tumour in more than half of patients before surgery, some may not need their bladder removed at all. | Early clinical | |
Brain metastases included by default in every solid-tumour trial Up to a fifth of people with advanced solid tumours have cancer in the brain and are usually barred from trials. Letting in those whose brain disease is treate… | Early clinical | |
Calibrated reference slides so every lab scores HER2-low the same way Whether a breast cancer counts as HER2-low, and so qualifies for trastuzumab deruxtecan, turns on the least reproducible step of the HER2 stain, score 1+ versu… | Early clinical | |
Can T-DXd alone cure early HER2-positive disease? If Enhertu produces complete responses in two-thirds of patients before surgery, a trial should test whether some need no chemotherapy, antibodies, or even rad… | Early clinical | |
Chemotherapy-free Hodgkin lymphoma: brentuximab + PD-1 in early stage For a cancer already cured in 90% of young people, the goal is curing without the chemotherapy and radiation that cause heart disease and second cancers decade… | Early clinical | |
ctDNA-guided adjuvant decisions after residual disease: escalate the positive, spare the negative After pre-surgery chemotherapy leaves tumour behind, a blood test for tumour DNA triples the risk of distant relapse when positive. The one trial that acted on… | Early clinical | |
ctDNA-guided escalation and de-escalation in frontline DLBCL Use an ultra-sensitive blood test after two cycles to decide who needs more than R-CHOP and who can stop early. | Early clinical | |
ctDNA-triggered escalation in early TNBC Instead of treating everyone after surgery, test blood every few months and treat only when tumour DNA reappears. | Early clinical | |
Dose and schedule optimisation trials specific to antibody-drug conjugates Antibody-drug conjugates deliver chemotherapy payloads into tumours but cause lung, eye and nerve damage that tracks total exposure, and several were approved… | Early clinical | |
Find the lowest effective doses of both drugs in a combination, not the highest tolerated Combination trials usually keep one drug at full dose and push the other as high as patients can bear. Testing a grid of dose pairs would find combinations tha… | Early clinical | |
HER2 ADCs as standard for HER2-positive serous endometrial cancer Serous endometrial cancers often overproduce HER2. Enhertu already works in them; testing HER2 in every p53-abnormal tumour and using the ADC earlier could cha… | Early clinical | |
Neoadjuvant ADC + IO replacing anthracycline chemotherapy in TNBC Replace the toughest part of pre-surgery chemotherapy with an ADC plus immunotherapy, aiming for the same cure rate with less harm. | Early clinical | |
Platform designation for ADC linker-payloads so manufacturing data carry across Antibody-drug conjugates built on the same linker and payload, such as deruxtecan or vedotin, share the same conjugation process, payload synthesis, impurity p… | Early clinical | |
Randomised trials to test whether biomarker-negative patients really do not benefit Patients are denied a drug when a test says they will not benefit, but that restriction is usually inferred from enrichment trials rather than tested. For high… | Early clinical | |
Reduce the dose once the cancer responds: response-adapted de-escalation trials The dose needed to shrink a tumour may be higher than the dose needed to keep it from growing back. Trials that lower the dose once a response is achieved coul… | Early clinical | |
Reflex HER2 testing of every advanced gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary cancer Between one in eleven and one in five gallbladder cancers is HER2-positive and two HER2 drugs are now approved, but testing still happens only when someone ask… | Early clinical | |
Reflex re-scoring of HER2 0 versus 1+ with digital assistance so every eligible triple-negative patient reaches trastuzumab deruxtecan About a third of triple-negative tumours are HER2-low and so eligible for trastuzumab deruxtecan, but the difference between a HER2 score of 0 and 1+ is the on… | Early clinical | |
Retire the 3+3: model-based dose finding that counts late and chronic side effects The traditional way of finding a dose looks only at severe side effects in the first month. Modern statistical designs can use all patients' data and count the… | Early clinical | |
Systemic-first management of HER2-positive brain metastases With Enhertu and tucatinib controlling brain metastases in most patients, radiation could be reserved for those who do not respond, sparing cognitive side effe… | Early clinical | |
Test flat versus weight-based dosing of antibodies, and use dose banding to cut waste Monoclonal antibodies and ADCs have moved from weight-based to flat dosing on modelling alone, which is convenient but gives lighter patients relatively more d… | Early clinical | |
Trials that include, and report, brain metastases in triple-negative breast cancer Nearly half of women with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer develop brain metastases and survive under five months after the diagnosis, yet the trials t… | Early clinical | |
TROP2 PET to choose and sequence TROP2 ADCs Use a whole-body TROP2 scan instead of a single tissue stain to decide which patients get a TROP2 ADC, which one, and when to switch. | Early clinical | |
Anchor a TGF-beta trap in the tumour stroma so it cannot act everywhere TGF-beta is a signal that keeps immune cells out of tumours, but blocking it throughout the body caused bleeding and heart toxicity and sank bintrafusp alfa. T… | Preclinical evidence | |
Block the survival signals the tumour's neighbours provide Cancer cells can survive a drug because surrounding normal cells feed them growth signals. Blocking those signals could make existing drugs work better and lon… | Preclinical evidence |
From 4 records:Site-specific conjugation & linker chemistryThe ADC supply chain (antibody, payload-linker, conjugation, fill)ADC bioconjugation manufacturing (CDMOs)Payload-linker synthesis (high-potency API)
Antibody, payload-linker in containment, bioconjugation and lyophilised fill: four sites for one vial.
The ADC supply chain (antibody, payload-linker, conjugation, fill)Antibody manufacturing (CHO bioprocessing)Payload-linker synthesis (high-potency API)Site-specific conjugation & linker chemistryADC bioconjugation manufacturing (CDMOs)Sterile fill-finish and lyophilisation
CompaniesDaiichi SankyoAstraZenecaPfizer (incl. Seagen)Gilead Sciences (incl. Kite)AstellasLonzaWuXi XDCSamsung BiologicsAbzenaPiramal Pharma SolutionsSterling Pharma SolutionsSynaffix (Lonza)
| Site | Operator | Capabilities | Makes | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abzena Sanford Sanford, North Carolina, US · contract manufacturer | Abzena | ADC conjugationAntibody drug substance | Abzena | |
| Bristol Myers Squibb Devens Devens, Massachusetts, US · in-house | Bristol Myers Squibb | Cell therapyAntibody drug substance | BMS manufacturing | |
| Catalent Bloomington Bloomington, Indiana, US · contract manufacturer | Catalent (Novo Holdings) | Antibody drug substanceFill and finish | Catalent Biologics | |
| Daiichi Sankyo Hiratsuka Hiratsuka, JP · in-house | Daiichi Sankyo | ADC conjugationPayload and linker chemistry | Daiichi Sankyo manufacturing | |
| FUJIFILM Diosynth Holly Springs Holly Springs, North Carolina, US · contract manufacturer | FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies | Antibody drug substanceFill and finish | FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies | |
| Lonza Visp Visp, CH · contract manufacturer | Lonza | ADC conjugationPayload and linker chemistryAntibody drug substance | Lonza bioconjugates | |
| Piramal Pharma Solutions Grangemouth Grangemouth, GB · contract manufacturer | Piramal Pharma Solutions | ADC conjugation | Piramal Pharma Solutions ADC | |
| Samsung Biologics ADC facility Incheon (Songdo), KR · contract manufacturer | Samsung Biologics | ADC conjugationAntibody drug substance | Samsung Biologics | |
| WuXi XDC Singapore Singapore, SG · contract manufacturer | WuXi XDC | ADC conjugationFill and finish | WuXi XDC | |
| WuXi XDC Wuxi Wuxi, CN · contract manufacturer | WuXi XDC | ADC conjugationPayload and linker chemistryAntibody drug substanceFill and finish | WuXi XDC |
The manufacturing map draws every site and the seven supply chains.
Site-specific conjugation and linker chemistry decide exactly where and how many payloads attach to the antibody, which determines how safe and effective an ADC is.
An antibody-drug conjugate needs three separate factories: one growing the antibody, one making the poison and its linker in sealed rooms, and one joining them. Then a fourth fills the vials. Any of…
ADC bioconjugation manufacturing joins a payload so toxic it needs the top containment class (OEB 5) to an antibody, then checks drug-to-antibody ratio and free payload. Capacity sits with a handful…
Payload-linker synthesis makes the cytotoxic small molecules inside ADCs (exatecan, MMAE, DM1, PBD dimers), whose occupational exposure limits sit in the nanogram range, in facilities built so a spec…
The medicines are the ones the open drug engine files under antibody-drug conjugates, whether it placed them on its grid or listed them as unresolved. The technology records are listed by hand (src/lib/modular-formats.ts) and each carries a pill back here. Everything else follows the graph's links from those two sets: approvals, cancers and toxicity from the medicine records; companies, trials, papers and ideas from the records that name a medicine or technology; roadmap steps from their refs; resistance from the atlas; manufacturing from the site and supply chain records.
Nothing here is written for the hub. Where the corpus holds no record for a section, the section says so rather than filling the gap, and the counts are counts of records in OnCo, not of the world. The JSON companion carries every section with the record ids behind it. Not medical advice.