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An antigen to recognise, a binder that recognises it, a costimulatory domain that sets the tempo (4-1BB slow and durable, CD28 fast and sharp), a vector that installs the receptor, and the cell that carries it, taken from the patient or from a donor. The corpus holds 69 car cell therapies medicines: 14 approved, 4 in phase 3, 46 trials recruiting, 47 companies named. Every section below says which records it was read from.
From 1 record:CAR-T cell therapy
A patient's T cells are removed, given a synthetic receptor that recognises the cancer, multiplied, and put back as a living drug.
T cells are transduced with a lentiviral or retroviral chimeric antigen receptor (scFv + costimulatory domain + CD3ζ), infused after lymphodepletion, and expand in vivo.
TermsCytokine release syndrome (CRS)ICANS (neurotoxicity)Antigen escape: how a lymphoma loses the thing the drug was aimed atWhat it costs to aim at a lineage antigenH3 K27M (diffuse midline glioma)EGFRvIIIVein-to-vein time and manufacturing slotsApheresis (leukapheresis)
From 69 records:AB-2100ADI-270Anitocabtagene autoleucelARD103Arlocabtagene AutoleucelAT101AVC-101AVC-201and 61 more in the JSON
Target against costimulatory domain, 24 by 2. Open the grid, where every cell links to its medicines and the records behind its state.
From 14 records:Axicabtagene ciloleucelTisagenlecleucelBrexucabtagene autoleucelIdecabtagene vicleucelLisocabtagene maraleucelRelmacabtagene autoleucelCiltacabtagene autoleucelEquecabtagene autoleuceland 6 more in the JSON
Axicabtagene ciloleucel Yescarta | CD19 | 2017 | US | approved | ||
Tisagenlecleucel Kymriah | CD19 | 2017 | US | approved | ||
Brexucabtagene autoleucel Tecartus | CD19 | 2020 | USEU | approved | ||
Idecabtagene vicleucel Abecma | BCMA | 2021 | US | approved | ||
Lisocabtagene maraleucel Breyanzi | CD19 | 2021 | US | approved | ||
Relmacabtagene autoleucel Carteyva | CD19 | 2021 | China | approved | ||
Ciltacabtagene autoleucel Carvykti | BCMA | 2022 | US | approved | ||
Equecabtagene autoleucel Fucaso | BCMA | 2023 | China | approved | ||
Inaticabtagene autoleucel Yuanruida | CD19 | 2023 | China | approved | ||
Talicabtagene autoleucel NexCAR19 | CD19 | 2023 | IN | approved | ||
Obecabtagene autoleucel Aucatzyl | CD19 | 2024 | USEU | approved | ||
Varnimcabtagene autoleucel Qartemi | CD19 | 2024 | IN | approved | ||
Zevorcabtagene autoleucel Saikaize | BCMA | 2024 | China | approved | ||
| Satricabtagene autoleucel | Claudin 18.2 | 2025 | China | approved |
From 4 records:Anitocabtagene autoleucelArlocabtagene AutoleucelAZD0120Rondecabtagene autoleucel
| Phase 3 trials here | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anitocabtagene autoleucel | BCMA | 1 | phase 3 | |||
| Arlocabtagene Autoleucel | GPRC5D | 2 | phase 3 | |||
| AZD0120 | CD19 x BCMA | 6 | phase 3 | |||
| Rondecabtagene autoleucel | CD19 x CD20 | 2 | phase 3 |
From 69 records:AB-2100ADI-270Anitocabtagene autoleucelARD103Arlocabtagene AutoleucelAT101AVC-101AVC-201and 61 more in the JSON
And 14 more, every one a filter pill on the engine table.
From 47 records:Bristol Myers SquibbGilead Sciences (incl. Kite)NovartisAstraZenecaAvenCell TherapeuticsCARsgen TherapeuticsJohnson & JohnsonLegend Biotechand 39 more in the JSON
| Company | Type | Medicines | Approved | Phase 3 | Which |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bristol Myers Squibb US | pharma | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| Gilead Sciences (incl. Kite) US | pharma | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| Novartis CH | pharma | 3 | 1 | 0 | |
| AstraZeneca GB | pharma | 3 | 0 | 1 | |
| AvenCell Therapeutics US | cell therapy | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| CARsgen Therapeutics CN | cell therapy | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
| Johnson & Johnson US | pharma | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Legend Biotech US | cell therapy | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Bellicum Pharmaceuticals US | cell therapy | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| CARGO Therapeutics US | cell therapy | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Caribou Biosciences US | cell therapy | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| CREATE Medicines US | biotech | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Genocury Biotech CN | cell therapy | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Outpace Bio US | cell therapy | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Tempest Therapeutics US | biotech | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Vittoria Biotherapeutics US | cell therapy | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Autolus Therapeutics GB | cell therapy | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Cipla IN | pharma | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| IASO Biotherapeutics CN | cell therapy | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| Immuneel Therapeutics IN | cell therapy | 1 | 1 | 0 |
The 27 others are in the JSON; every medicine's page names its companies.
From 46 records:A Phase III Study of Eque-cel in Subjects With Len-refractory RRMM (FUMANBA-03)A Study Comparing AZD0120, a Dual-targeted CAR-T Against B-cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) and CD19, Versus Standard Regimens in Participants With RelaA Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of BMS-986393 Versus Standard Regimens in Adult Participants With Relapsed or Refractory and Lenalidomide-exposed Multiple Myeloma (QUINTESSENTIAL-2)A Study to Investigate Ronde-cel Versus Investigator's Choice CD19 CAR T-Cell TherapyStudy of AZD0120 in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Ineligible for ASCTStudy of Out of Specification for TisagenlecleucelA Modular, Phase I/II, Multicentre Study to Evaluate AZD4045, in Participants With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple MyelomaA Phase 1 Study of BPX-601 CAR T-Cell Therapy in Adult Participants With Prostate Cancer That Has Returned, is Resistant to Treatment and Has Spreadand 38 more in the JSON
| Registry | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A Phase III Study of Eque-cel in Subjects With Len-refractory RRMM (FUMANBA-03) A Phase III Randomized, Controlled Study of Equecabtagene Autoleucel Injection in Subject… | Phase 3 | Nanjing IASO Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | 240 | NCT06464991 | ||
A Study Comparing AZD0120, a Dual-targeted CAR-T Against B-cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) and CD19, Versus Standard Regimens in Participants With Rela A Phase III Open-label, Randomised, Multicentre Study Comparing AZD0120, a Dual-Targeting… | Phase 3 | AstraZeneca | 508 | NCT07391657 | ||
A Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of BMS-986393 Versus Standard Regimens in Adult Participants With Relapsed or Refractory and Lenalidomide-exposed Multiple Myeloma (QUINTESSENTIAL-2) A Phase 3, Randomized, Open-Label, Multicenter Study to Compare the Efficacy and Safety o… | Phase 3 | Juno Therapeutics, a Bristol-Myers Squibb | 440 | NCT06615479 | ||
A Study to Investigate Ronde-cel Versus Investigator's Choice CD19 CAR T-Cell Therapy A Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trial of Rondecabtagene Autoleucel, an Autologous, Dual-t… | Phase 3 | Lyell Immunopharma | 400 | NCT07188558 | ||
Study of AZD0120 in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Ineligible for ASCT Phase III Open-Label, Randomised Study of Consolidation With AZD0120 (Dual-Targeting BCMA… | Phase 3 | AstraZeneca | 750 | NCT07764978 | ||
Study of Out of Specification for Tisagenlecleucel A Phase IIIb Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Tisagenlecleucel Out of Specification fo… | Phase 3 | Novartis Pharmaceuticals | 200 | NCT04094311 | ||
A Modular, Phase I/II, Multicentre Study to Evaluate AZD4045, in Participants With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma A Modular, Phase I/II, Open-label, Multicentre Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability… | Phase 1/2 | AstraZeneca | 101 | NCT07681596 | ||
A Phase 1 Study of BPX-601 CAR T-Cell Therapy in Adult Participants With Prostate Cancer That Has Returned, is Resistant to Treatment and Has Spread A Phase 1, Open-Label, Dose-Escalation Study of BPX-601, an Anti-PSCA CAR T Cell Drug Pro… | Phase 1 | Regeneron Pharmaceuticals | 36 | NCT07543055 | ||
A Safety and Efficacy Study Evaluating CTX112 in Subjects With Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Malignancies A Phase 1/2, Open-Label, Multicenter, Dose Escalation and Cohort Expansion Study of the S… | Phase 1/2 | CRISPR Therapeutics AG | 120 | NCT05643742 | ||
A Study of CNCT19 Treatment in Children and Adolescent r/r ALL Patients(Pediatric) A Phase Ib/II, Single Arm, Multi-center Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of CNCT1… | Phase 1/2 | Juventas Cell Therapy Ltd. | 47 | NCT05667506 | ||
A Study of GC012F in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma A Phase I/II Clinical Study of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy Targeting CD19 an… | Phase 1/2 | Gracell Biotechnologies (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | 110 | NCT06235229 | ||
A Study of MT-303 in Adults With Advanced or Metastatic GPC3-Expressing Cancers, Including HCC A Phase 1, Open-Label, First-in-Human, Dose Escalation Study to Investigate the Safety, P… | Phase 1 | Myeloid Therapeutics | 70 | NCT06478693 | ||
A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Lisocabtagene Maraleucel (Liso-cel) as First-Line Therapy in Adults With Transplant-Ineligible Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma The CAROLYN Trial: Lisocabtagene Maraleucel as First-Line Therapy for Primary Central Ner… | Phase 2 | Juno Therapeutics, Inc., a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | 65 | NCT07015242 | ||
A Study to Evaluate a Novel Gene Therapy in Patients With Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Safety of KLN-1010, a Novel, In Vivo Gene Therapy to Gene… | Phase 1 | Kelonia Therapeutics, Inc. | 70 | NCT07075185 | ||
A Study to Evaluate DJI136, a DLL3-targeted CAR-T Therapy A Phase I/II Open-label Study of DJI136, a DLL3-targeted CAR-T Therapy, in Adult Patients… | Phase 1/2 | Novartis Pharmaceuticals | 80 | NCT07564401 | ||
A Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel A Phase 2 Multicohort Trial to Further Characterize the Efficacy and Safety of Ciltacabta… | Phase 2 | Janssen Research & Development, LLC | 60 | NCT07149857 | ||
AZD0120 in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma (DURGA-1) A Phase Ib/II Study of AZD0120, Dual-Targeting Autologous Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cel… | Phase 1/2 | AstraZeneca | 232 | NCT05850234 | ||
CD19-targeted CAR T Cells for Relapsed or Refractory (R/R) Large B-cell Lymphoma An Open-Label, Single-Arm Study of Relma-cel, CD19-targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CA… | Phase 2 | Shanghai Ming Ju Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | 12 | NCT06479356 | ||
CD5-deleted Chimeric Antigen Receptor Cells (Senza5 CART5) for T Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) CD5-deleted Chimeric Antigen Receptor Cells (Senza5 CART5) to Enhance Immunotherapy Again… | Phase 1 | Vittoria Biotherapeutics | 30 | NCT06420089 | ||
Clinical Study of ARD103 CAR-T Therapy for Patients With R/R AML or MDS A Phase 1/2, Open-label, Multicenter Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of ARD103 in… | Phase 1/2 | ARCE Therapeutics, Inc. | 49 | NCT06680752 | ||
Clinical Trial of CNCT19 Cell Injection in the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Phase Ⅱ Clinical Trial of CNCT19 Cell Injection in the Treatment of CD19 Positive Relapse… | Phase 2 | Juventas Cell Therapy Ltd. | 100 | NCT04684147 | ||
CRISPR-Edited Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cell Therapy in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma A Phase 1, Multicenter, Open-Label Study of CB-011, a CRISPR-Edited Allogeneic Anti-BCMA… | Phase 1 | Caribou Biosciences, Inc. | 50 | NCT05722418 | ||
DALY II Japan/MB-CART2019.1 for DLBCL A Multi-center Single Arm Phase II Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Genetical… | Phase 2 | Miltenyi Biomedicine GmbH | 31 | NCT07288879 | ||
DALY II USA/ MB-CART2019.1 for DLBCL A Multi-center Single Arm Phase II Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Genetical… | Phase 2 | Miltenyi Biomedicine GmbH | 315 | NCT04792489 | ||
Dual-Target MSLN/FAP CAR-NK Cells for Pleural and Peritoneal Mesothelioma A Phase 1/2, Open-Label, Nonrandomized, Biomarker-Guided Study of Locoregional Allogeneic… | Phase 1/2 | Beijing Biotech | 36 | NCT07510815 | ||
Efficacy and Safety of MB-CART2019.1 vs. SoC in Lymphoma Patients A Pivotal Phase II Randomised, Multi-centre, Open-label Study to Evaluate the Efficacy an… | Phase 2 | Miltenyi Biomedicine GmbH | 213 | NCT04844866 | ||
Emapalumab Prevention of CAR-T Cell Associated Toxicities A Phase 2 Trial of Emapalumab for the Prevention of CAR-T Cell Associated Toxicities | Phase 2 | Marcela V. Maus, M.D.,Ph.D. | 28 | NCT06550141 | ||
Illuminate: A Clinical Study Evaluating CAR T Immune Cell Therapy (BCB-276) for Patients With Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG). A Phase 2 Pivotal Study of BCB-276, a B7-H3-Specific CAR T Cell Locoregional Immunotherap… | Phase 2 | BrainChild Bio, Inc | 75 | NCT07680439 | ||
JY231(JY231) Injection for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory B Cell Lymphoma/ Leukemia JY231 Injection for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory B Cell Lymphoma/ Leukemia - A… | Phase not applicable | Shenzhen Genocury Biotech Co., Ltd. | 20 | NCT06678282 | ||
JY231(JY231) Injection for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory B Cell Lymphoma/ Leukemia An Early-Phase Exploratory Clinical Study of JY231 Injection in Relapsed/Refractory B-Cel… | Phase not applicable | Shenzhen Genocury Biotech Co., Ltd. | 20 | NCT06890065 |
From 8 records:CAR-T cell therapyBrexucabtagene autoleucelIdecabtagene vicleucelLisocabtagene maraleucelObecabtagene autoleucelTalicabtagene autoleucelTisagenlecleucelVarnimcabtagene autoleucel
A flood of inflammatory signals when immune cells are activated en masse, causing fever, low blood pressure, and sometimes organ failure.
Linked fromCAR-T cell therapyBrexucabtagene autoleucelIdecabtagene vicleucelLisocabtagene maraleucelObecabtagene autoleucel+3
ICANS is confusion, speech difficulty, and rarely seizures after CAR-T or bispecific therapy.
Linked fromCAR-T cell therapyBrexucabtagene autoleucelIdecabtagene vicleucelLisocabtagene maraleucelObecabtagene autoleucel+3
From 5 records:Ciltacabtagene autoleucelTeclistamabBelantamab mafodotinAxicabtagene ciloleucelBlinatumomab
Myeloma escapes BCMA drugs by deleting or mutating the target, or by exhausting the T cells that were supposed to do the killing.
ExemplarsCiltacabtagene autoleucelTeclistamabBelantamab mafodotin
Leukaemia and lymphoma relapse after CD19 CAR-T either without CD19 (the target is gone) or with it (the CAR-T cells are gone or exhausted).
ExemplarsAxicabtagene ciloleucelBlinatumomab
From 78 records:CAR-T cell therapyCAR-T for glioma (IL13Rα2, GD2, EGFRvIII, multi-target)In vivo CAR-TCAR-NK & CAR-macrophageCAR-T against stroma: fibroblasts and myeloid cellsAutologous CAR-T manufacturing, batch by batchApheresis and starting-material collectionCryopreservation and cell-therapy cold chainand 70 more in the JSON
Claudin-18 isoform 2-specific CAR T-cell therapy (satri-cel) versus treatment of physician's choice for previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (CT041-ST-01): a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial The first randomised trial of CAR-T cells in a solid tumour: in heavily pretreated Claudin 18.2-positive stomach cancer, satri-cel held the… | 2,025 | The Lancet | rct | |
Phase II study of zevorcabtagene autoleucel, a fully human BCMA-targeting CAR T cell therapy, in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma Paper cited by one trial page and one treatment page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 41029877 and published in Experimental hematol… | 2,025 | Experimental hematology & oncology | observational | |
Talicabtagene autoleucel for relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies: an open-label, multicentre, phase 1/2 study The trial report behind India's first CAR-T therapy: about three in four heavily pretreated patients with lymphoma or leukaemia responded t… | 2,025 | Lancet Haematology | rct | |
Equecabtagene Autoleucel in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: The FUMANBA-1 Nonrandomized Clinical Trial Paper cited by one trial page and one treatment page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 39509090 and published in JAMA Oncology; the c… | 2,024 | JAMA Oncology | observational | |
Safety and efficacy of a new academic CD19-directed CAR-T cell for refractory/relapsed non-Hodgkin lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Brazil The first report of people in Brazil treated with a CAR-T cell therapy made entirely in a Brazilian public university, for leukaemia and ly… | 2,024 | Bone Marrow Transplantation | observational | |
The academic point-of-care anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell product varnimcabtagene autoleucel (ARI-0001 cells) shows efficacy and safety in the treatment of relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma Paper cited by one treatment page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 37905734 and published in British journal of haematology; the cit… | 2,024 | British journal of haematology | observational | |
Zevorcabtagene Autoleucel: First Approval Paper cited by one treatment page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 38888762 and published in Molecular diagnosis & therapy; the citi… | 2,024 | Molecular diagnosis & therapy | review | |
CARTITUDE-4: cilta-cel CAR-T versus standard combinations after one to three prior lines of myeloma therapy Moving BCMA CAR-T to the second line cut the risk of progression or death by 74% compared with standard triplets, and later improved overal… | 2,023 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
Development and manufacture of novel locally produced anti-BCMA CAR T cells for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: results from a phase I clinical trial (HBI0101) A hospital in Jerusalem built and made its own CAR-T cells against the myeloma protein BCMA; in the first 20 heavily treated patients, 75 p… | 2,023 | Haematologica | observational | |
Equecabtagene Autoleucel: First Approval Paper cited by one treatment page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 37658205 and published in Molecular diagnosis & therapy; the citi… | 2,023 | Molecular diagnosis & therapy | review | |
Fractionated initial infusion and booster dose of ARI0002h, a humanised, BCMA-directed CAR T-cell therapy, for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CARTBCMA-HCB-01): a single-arm, multicentre, academic pilot study The interim results of Hospital Clínic's academic BCMA CAR-T for myeloma: every one of 30 treated patients responded in the first 100 days,… | 2,023 | The Lancet Oncology | observational | |
KarMMa-3: ide-cel CAR-T versus standard regimens in triple-class-exposed relapsed myeloma The first randomised CAR-T trial in myeloma tripled median progression-free survival (13.3 versus 4.4 months) compared with standard combin… | 2,023 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
Axicabtagene ciloleucel in relapsed or refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (ZUMA-5): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial The first CAR-T trial in slow-growing lymphoma: more than nine in ten responded and three quarters went into complete remission, with sever… | 2,022 | Lancet Oncology | rct | |
GD2-CAR T cell therapy for H3K27M-mutated diffuse midline gliomas Paper cited by one cancer page and one technology page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 35130560 and published in Nature; the citing… | 2,022 | Nature | basic | |
Second-line tisagenlecleucel or standard care in aggressive B-cell lymphoma The one second-line CAR-T trial that failed. Its result is best explained by how long the cells took to make and what patients received whi… | 2,022 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
The hospital exemption pathway for advanced therapies and the case of the CAR-T ARI-0001 How Hospital Clínic got its own CAR-T authorised in Spain through a route in European law that lets a hospital make an advanced therapy for… | 2,022 | Bone Marrow Transplantation | review | |
Tisagenlecleucel in adult relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma: the phase 2 ELARA trial A single infusion of reprogrammed immune cells cleared follicular lymphoma completely in about seven of ten heavily pretreated people, with… | 2,022 | Nature Medicine | rct | |
TRANSFORM: liso-cel CAR-T versus salvage chemotherapy and transplant in early-relapsing large B-cell lymphoma In TRANSFORM, a second CD19 CAR-T, lisocabtagene maraleucel, also beat chemotherapy-plus-transplant as second-line treatment, with a low ra… | 2,022 | The Lancet | rct | |
ZUMA-7: axi-cel CAR-T instead of salvage chemotherapy and transplant for large B-cell lymphoma that relapses early For lymphoma that came back within a year, going straight to CAR-T beat the decades-old chemotherapy-then-transplant approach, and later im… | 2,022 | New England Journal of Medicine | rct | |
CART19-BE-01: A Multicenter Trial of ARI-0001 Cell Therapy in Patients with CD19(+) Relapsed/Refractory Malignancies The results of the academic CAR-T trial that Spain's regulator used to authorise a hospital-made cell therapy for adult leukaemia, which th… | 2,021 | Molecular Therapy | observational | |
CARTITUDE-1: cilta-cel, a BCMA CAR-T, in heavily pretreated myeloma A single infusion of BCMA-directed CAR-T cells produced responses in 97% of patients whose myeloma had failed a median of six prior lines,… | 2,021 | The Lancet | translational | |
Relmacabtagene autoleucel (relma-cel) CD19 CAR-T therapy for adults with heavily pretreated relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma in China Paper cited by one trial page and one treatment page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 33382529 and published in Cancer medicine; the… | 2,021 | Cancer medicine | rct | |
Trastuzumab deruxtecan (DS-8201) in patients with HER2-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer (DESTINY-CRC01) An antibody carrying a chemotherapy payload shrank 45 percent of HER2-positive bowel cancers that had already failed two or more treatments… | 2,021 | The Lancet Oncology | rct | |
Human chimeric antigen receptor macrophages for cancer immunotherapy Paper cited by one technology page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 32361713 and published in Nature Biotechnology; the citing page… | 2,020 | Nature Biotechnology | basic | |
Lisocabtagene maraleucel for patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphomas (TRANSCEND NHL 001): a multicentre seamless design study The pivotal study of the third CAR-T product for lymphoma, built from a fixed one-to-one mix of two kinds of T cell, with severe immune sid… | 2,020 | Lancet | rct | |
UCART19: the first gene-edited, donor-derived CAR-T cells in children and adults with relapsed B-cell ALL Off-the-shelf CAR-T cells made from a healthy donor, gene-edited to avoid rejection and graft-versus-host disease, produced remission in 14… | 2,020 | The Lancet | translational | |
Use of CAR-Transduced Natural Killer Cells in CD19-Positive Lymphoid Tumors Paper cited by one technology page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 32023374 and published in New England Journal of Medicine; the c… | 2,020 | New England Journal of Medicine | observational | |
ZUMA-2: brexu-cel CAR-T for mantle cell lymphoma that has failed BTK inhibitors In mantle cell lymphoma that had stopped responding to BTK inhibitors, a single CAR-T infusion produced responses in 93% of patients and co… | 2,020 | New England Journal of Medicine | translational | |
JULIET: tisagenlecleucel for adults with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma In adults with aggressive lymphoma after at least two prior treatments, tisagenlecleucel produced responses in 52% and complete responses i… | 2,019 | New England Journal of Medicine | translational | |
ELIANA: the global trial that made tisagenlecleucel the first approved CAR-T therapy for children and young adults with relapsed ALL Across 25 centres, 81% of children and young adults with relapsed or refractory ALL went into remission after a single tisagenlecleucel inf… | 2,018 | New England Journal of Medicine | translational |
From 6 records:Cell therapy roadmap: CD19 CAR-T → solid tumours → in vivo CARGlobal access and affordability roadmap: essential medicines and generics → biosimilars and frugal trials → reliance, pooling and homegrown innovationImmunotherapy roadmap: Coley's toxins → checkpoint inhibitors → engineered immunityPaediatric oncology roadmap: cooperative-group cures → engineered immunity → drugs developed for children firstPaths to cures: interception, eradication, controlRadical oncology: what could change the war by 2035
From 78 records:CAR-T cell therapyCAR-T for glioma (IL13Rα2, GD2, EGFRvIII, multi-target)In vivo CAR-TCAR-NK & CAR-macrophageCAR-T against stroma: fibroblasts and myeloid cellsAutologous CAR-T manufacturing, batch by batchApheresis and starting-material collectionCryopreservation and cell-therapy cold chainand 70 more in the JSON
Full refund for CAR-T if the patient has not responded at three months Health systems would pay for a $400,000 cell therapy only if it works. If the cancer has not responded by three months, the company refunds the price. | Being tested at scale | |
One CAR-T infusion instead of autologous transplant Replace high-dose melphalan and stem-cell rescue with a single infusion of the patient's engineered T cells after induction. | Being tested at scale | |
CD30 CAR-T for multiply relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma Engineer T cells against CD30 for the few patients who fail brentuximab, PD-1 blockade and transplant. | Early clinical | |
Collect and freeze T cells at diagnosis for high-risk patients, before chemotherapy By the time patients need CAR-T their immune cells are often exhausted by earlier treatment. Storing healthy cells early would improve manufacturing success an… | Early clinical | |
Deliver CAR-T cells straight into the fluid around the brain Cancer spreading along the linings of the brain has no treatment that reliably controls it. Injecting engineered immune cells directly into the brain fluid, th… | Early clinical | |
GD2 CAR-T as consolidation in high-risk neuroblastoma Give engineered GD2 T cells to children in remission after standard therapy, where the long-term data show the deepest and longest cures. | Early clinical | |
Harmonise Europe's hospital exemption for academic cell therapies, with one registry Spain lets hospitals make and use their own CAR-T under a special rule; most European countries do not. A common rule with shared outcome tracking would spread… | Early clinical | |
Hospital-based CAR-T manufacturing at cost through a public network Academic hospitals can already make CAR-T cells for a fraction of the commercial price. A public network would scale that so more patients can be treated for l… | Early clinical | |
Hospital-exemption cell therapies at scale, backed by a shared registry European law already lets hospitals make advanced therapies for their own patients. Pair that with a shared outcomes registry so academic CAR-Ts and similar tr… | Early clinical | |
Hospital-made CAR-T under one shared regulatory master file Instead of shipping a patient's cells to a distant factory, hospitals would make CAR-T on site under a shared licence, cutting cost and waiting time. | Early clinical | |
In vivo CAR-T as a vial on the shelf: a cost and access trial in lymphoma Some new medicines reprogramme immune cells inside the body with an injection, skipping the factory entirely. Test whether that makes CAR-T affordable and avai… | Early clinical | |
Mutual recognition of GMP inspections for cell, gene and radiopharmaceutical plants Factories making living or radioactive cancer medicines are inspected separately by each country. Accepting each other's inspections would free up inspectors a… | Early clinical | |
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy with surgical window for glioblastoma Give immunotherapy before surgery rather than after, so the tumour is still present to teach the immune system, then look inside it to learn what happened. | Early clinical | |
Non-profit, open-licence lentiviral vectors and producer cell lines for CAR-T The engineered virus that delivers the CAR gene costs tens of thousands of dollars per patient and is controlled by a few suppliers. A non-profit supplier with… | Early clinical | |
Non-viral CAR-T (transposon or CRISPR knock-in) as the default manufacturing route Putting the CAR gene into T cells without a virus removes the most expensive and delay-prone ingredient. Test whether non-viral products match viral ones. | Early clinical | |
Outcome-based annuity payments for potentially curative one-time therapies Instead of paying hundreds of thousands up front for a CAR-T or gene therapy, the health system would pay in yearly instalments that stop if the cancer comes b… | Early clinical | |
Pay for one-time curative therapies as an annuity that stops at relapse A single cell therapy can cost more than a house. Paying in yearly instalments, only while the patient stays well, spreads the cost and shares the risk. | Early clinical | |
Pay-for-cure contracts: instalment payments for curative therapies contingent on durable remission For very expensive one-time treatments such as CAR-T, pay in instalments over years and stop paying if the cancer comes back, so price tracks the cure actually… | Early clinical | |
Peritoneal-directed therapy for gastric cancer Stomach cancer usually comes back on the abdominal lining, where drugs barely reach. Deliver treatment directly into the abdomen. | Early clinical | |
Plan the second CAR-T target before the first one is lost Cell therapies fail when the tumour stops showing the marker they were built to find. Preparing an alternative product in advance would let doctors switch quic… | Early clinical | |
Public cell-therapy foundries at cancer centres for academics and start-ups Building a cell-therapy factory costs tens of millions, so most good academic ideas never reach patients. Shared public facilities would give them a route to t… | Early clinical | |
Public payers cover academic CAR-T at cost as a benchmark for commercial prices Hospitals in Spain make their own CAR-T for a third of the commercial price. Paying for such products at cost gives health systems a lever in negotiating with… | Early clinical | |
Public reference standards and potency assays for CAR-T so every lab measures alike There is no agreed ruler for measuring how strong a CAR-T product is. Shared reference materials would let hospitals, companies and regulators compare products… | Early clinical | |
Public-sector CAR-T manufacturing in India, Brazil and South Africa under $50,000 India has shown CAR-T can be made for a tenth of the US price. Public production in large middle-income countries could make it available to millions who are c… | Early clinical | |
Qualify one iPSC master cell bank once for many off-the-shelf cell products Cell therapies made from a single stem cell line could be produced in bulk. Regulators should let companies certify the parent cell line once rather than repea… | Early clinical | |
Regional translational institutes with academic GMP suites and IND teams Build a handful of publicly-funded centres where academic discoveries can be manufactured to clinical grade and written up for regulators, so good ideas do not… | Early clinical | |
Regionally delivered mesothelin CAR-T with PD-1 blockade Deliver engineered T cells directly into the chest cavity where mesothelioma grows, and give immunotherapy to keep them working. | Early clinical | |
Report the time from apheresis to infusion as a trial endpoint, not a logistics footnote The best explanation for why one second-line CAR-T trial failed when two succeeded is how long the cells took to make. That interval is almost never a reported… | Early clinical | |
Shared modular GMP facilities for academic personalised vaccines and cell products Personalised cancer vaccines and cell therapies need a manufacturing run for each patient, and universities cannot afford their own plants. Regional closed, au… | Early clinical | |
Treat the body cavity, not the bloodstream, for surface spread Intracavitary immunotherapy targets cancer that coats the lining of the abdomen or chest, which drugs given by drip barely reach. Delivering it straight into t… | Early clinical |
From 4 records:Autologous CAR-T manufacturing, batch by batchApheresis and starting-material collectionCryopreservation and cell-therapy cold chainPoint-of-care and decentralised cell manufacturing
Apheresis, vector, closed manufacturing, cryopreservation and chain of identity, release testing, point of care and allogeneic banks.
Apheresis and starting-material collectionViral vector manufacturing (lentiviral, retroviral, AAV)Autologous CAR-T manufacturing, batch by batchClosed automated cell-therapy manufacturingCryopreservation and cell-therapy cold chainCell-therapy orchestration and chain-of-identity softwareCell-therapy release and potency testingPoint-of-care and decentralised cell manufacturingAllogeneic cell banks: one donor, hundreds of doses
CompaniesNovartisGilead Sciences (incl. Kite)Bristol Myers SquibbLegend BiotechAutolus TherapeuticsOXB (Oxford Biomedica)Miltenyi BiotecCytiva (Danaher)LonzaCellaresCryoportTerumo Blood and Cell TechnologiesCellectisAllogene TherapeuticsImmunoACT
| Site | Operator | Capabilities | Makes | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bristol Myers Squibb Devens Devens, Massachusetts, US · in-house | Bristol Myers Squibb | Cell therapyAntibody drug substance | BMS manufacturing | |
| Cellares Smart Factory South San Francisco, California, US · contract manufacturer | Cellares | Cell therapy | Cellares | |
| Kite El Segundo El Segundo, California, US · in-house | Kite (Gilead) | Cell therapy | Kite manufacturing | |
| Kite Frederick Frederick, Maryland, US · in-house | Kite (Gilead) | Cell therapyViral vector | Kite manufacturing | |
| Kite Hoofddorp Hoofddorp, NL · in-house | Kite (Gilead) | Cell therapy | Kite manufacturing | |
| Legend Biotech and Janssen Raritan Raritan, New Jersey, US · in-house | Legend Biotech with Johnson & Johnson | Cell therapy | Legend Biotech | |
| Legend Biotech Ghent (Tech Lane) Ghent, BE · in-house | Legend Biotech with Johnson & Johnson | Cell therapy | Legend Biotech | |
| Miltenyi Biotec Bergisch Gladbach, DE · contract manufacturer | Miltenyi Biotec | Cell therapyViral vector | Miltenyi Biotec | |
| Novartis Morris Plains Morris Plains, New Jersey, US · in-house | Novartis | Cell therapy | Novartis cell therapy | |
| Oxford Biomedica Oxbox Oxford, GB · contract manufacturer | Oxford Biomedica | Viral vector | Oxford Biomedica |
The manufacturing map draws every site and the seven supply chains.
Each CAR-T dose is a separate factory run for one patient: collect their T cells, activate them, add the CAR gene with a virus, grow them for a week or two, freeze, test and ship them back. The steps…
Apheresis is collecting a patient's white blood cells through a machine over several hours. Every autologous CAR-T begins here, and the quality of these cells shapes the final product.
Freezing cells at minus 150 degrees and shipping them in liquid-nitrogen 'dry shippers' with tracking, so a living drug arrives alive and matched to the right patient.
Making CAR-T cells at or near the hospital instead of shipping cells to a central factory and back.
The medicines are the ones the open drug engine files under car cell therapies, whether it placed them on its grid or listed them as unresolved. The technology records are listed by hand (src/lib/modular-formats.ts) and each carries a pill back here. Everything else follows the graph's links from those two sets: approvals, cancers and toxicity from the medicine records; companies, trials, papers and ideas from the records that name a medicine or technology; roadmap steps from their refs; resistance from the atlas; manufacturing from the site and supply chain records.
Nothing here is written for the hub. Where the corpus holds no record for a section, the section says so rather than filling the gap, and the counts are counts of records in OnCo, not of the world. The JSON companion carries every section with the record ids behind it. Not medical advice.