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Everything in development, the open problems and what is being done about them, the roadmaps, and what changed on this record.
What is in development for Melanoma, drawn from the whole corpus: 247 items. Drugs are grouped by the most advanced trial phase they have reached anywhere; approved treatments sit under standard of care. Technologies are the methods being tested for this cancer, trials are the studies recorded here, and ideas are proposals not yet in a trial.
Primary IO resistance in ~40%.
Also on OnCo: Resistance atlas · Lines of therapy.
Uveal and mucosal subtypes.
Brain metastases.
Background: The blood-brain barrier & brain metastasis. Also on OnCo: Atlas of advanced disease · How cancer spreads: the metastasis stages.
Primary resistance: about 40% of advanced patients never respond to PD-1-based therapy, and predictive biomarkers (PD-L1, TMB, interferon signatures) remain too weak to guide choices.
Also on OnCo: Resistance atlas · Lines of therapy.
After PD-1 failure, the approved options (TIL therapy, RP1 with nivolumab) respond in ~30% at best; for the rest melanoma remains life-limiting, and PRAME-directed T-cell engagers are the next attempt.
LAG-3 blockade is not a class effect: it failed as adjuvant therapy and with cemiplimab, so the biology of when it helps is unresolved.
Adjuvant therapy in stage IIB/IIC treats many to benefit few; ctDNA-guided selection is unproven.
Uveal, mucosal, and acral melanomas respond poorly to checkpoint inhibitors and have few targeted options.
Brain metastases occur in up to half of advanced patients; leptomeningeal disease is untreatable.
Background: The blood-brain barrier & brain metastasis. Also on OnCo: Atlas of advanced disease · How cancer spreads: the metastasis stages.
T-cell-receptor drugs require HLA-A*02:01, excluding most people of African and East Asian ancestry.
Long-term immune toxicity (endocrinopathies, arthritis) in cured patients is under-studied.
Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Also on OnCo: Side effects by symptom · Immune-related side effects · Toxicity compare · Survivorship planner.
Dated changes read from the records linked to this cancer: approvals, regulatory steps, reported trials, guideline versions and milestones. Newest first; no date is inferred.
On EdgeAll 94 changes by month →When this page itself was last checked or edited.
Accelerated approval of vusolimogene oderparepvec in combination with nivolumab, unresectable advanced cutaneous melanoma
Accelerated approval with nivolumab for unresectable/metastatic melanoma after anti-PD-1 (IGNYTE)
CHMP negative opinion on Tacquell (autologous TIL) for melanoma; applicant Netherlands Cancer Institute
Unresectable/metastatic melanoma after anti-PD-1, with nivolumab (accelerated)
First-line metastatic phase 3 missed its primary PFS endpoint (Regeneron release)